Long Meg and her Daughters is a remarkable Neolithic monument located near Penrith in Cumbria, England.
Category: Archaeology
Jul 21
Snake Iconography in the British Isles
- Filed under Archaeology, Bronze Age, Iron Age, Mace Head, Neolithic, Passage Tomb, S-curved, Snake Mound
Syncretism through the ages Syncretism, the amalgamation of different religions, cultures, or schools of thought, has its roots in the ancient world. Thoughts on Celtic Religion – Raimund, Karl To begin with, lets first look at the sources available to us: There are quite numerous sources available, contrary to Read more Hillforts: Defence or Ritual? …
Jun 27
Prehistoric mounds, cairns and boundary earthworks in Coverdale
- Filed under Archaeology, Barrow, Boundary Marker, Brigantia, Brigantia England, Bronze Age, Burial Mound, Dark Ages, Dark Ages Brigantia, Early Christian, Early Medieval, Guide, Iron Age, Landscape Archaeology, Landscape feature, Motte and Bailey, Mound, New Sites, Roman, Terraces, Visible Remains
A gazetteer of probable prehistoric mounds, cairns and boundary earthworks in Coverdale. It is not complete and is still being researched.
Jun 16
Hillforts: Defence or Ritual? – Part 1
- Filed under Archaeology, Brigantia, Brigantia England, Britain, Critical Thinking, Defensive Structures, Earthworks, Guide, Hill Fort, Univallet Hillfort, Vitrified Fort
Over the last five years Iron-Age specialists have been re-examining what British hillforts were really for. The question is no longer just “fortress or farm?” but whether many of them were built first and foremost as places of gathering, display and ritual.
- Ad Gefrin, Barry Cunliffe, battle, Bowden, Castle Dykes, Ceremony, Debate, Defence, Hill Fort, Hill of Tara, hillfort, Iron Age, Julius Caesar, Maiden Castle, McOmish, Mortimer Wheeler, Northumberland, Paulinus, Ringforts, ritual, Ritual First, tacitus, Thornborough Henges, vitrified, Yeavering Bell
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Castle Dykes Henge, Thoralby – North Yorkshire
- Filed under Archaeology, Brigantia, Brigantia England, Britain, Class I, Earthworks, Henge, Iron Age, Landscape feature, New Sites, Ritual Landscape
Castle dykes it is a small class one henge, 90m across, perched on the high ground up in the North Yorkshire dales. The bank survives up to 1.5 m high in places, and the ditch up to 3 m deep. Early 20th-century reports (1908) noted its intact form, and recent LiDAR-based surveys have confirmed its classic henge profile with minimal later disturbance.
Jun 11
Guide: Spoil Heaps
- Filed under Archaeology, Guide, Industrial Heritage, Landscape Archaeology, Landscape feature, Mining, Spoil Heaps
These are artificial hills made from the unwanted rock, shale and tailings that come up with coal, metal ore, stone or clay when it is being mined or quarried. Because extractive industry is both deep and long-lived, single collieries or pits can generate tens of millions of cubic metres of spoil; pushed out by locomotive, conveyor or tippler wagon and dumped in successive layers, the piles quickly become a distinctive landform.
Jun 10
Guide: Hillfort Mounds of Europe
- Filed under Archaeology, Castro Hillfort, Contour/Plateau Fort, Europe, Guide, Hidden Remains, Hill Fort, Landscape Archaeology, Landscape feature, Multivallete Hillfort, New Sites, Oppidum, Promontory fort, Slavic Gord, Univallet Hillfort, Vitrified Fort
Guide: Common Features of Iron Age Hillforts This article attempts to serve as a guide for many of the features of the hillforts found in Britain, in Read more Guide: Iron-Age minting: Ceramic Pellet-mould trays This article explores the most tangible evidence we possess for indigenous minting north of the Humber: the smashed ceramic “pellet-mould” …
Jun 10
Guide: Barrows
- Filed under Archaeobotanical, Barrow, Bell Barrow, Bowl Barrow, Bronze Age, Dark Ages, Disc Barrow, Europe, Guide, Iron Age, Landscape Archaeology, Landscape feature, Long Barrow, Neolithic, Ring Barrow, Ritual Landscape, Roman, Round Barrow, Square Barrow, Steppe Kurgan
A barrow is a mound of earth and/or stones raised over a grave or group of graves. Used from the Neolithic through to the Iron Age (roughly 4000 BCE to 500 CE), barrows were often constructed to honour elite individuals, such as tribal leaders, warriors, or chieftains. They are frequently found singly or in cemeteries known as barrow fields.
- AngloViking, Arras Culture, barrow, Barrow Timeline, Bell Barrow, Bowl Barrow, britain, Bronze Age, Burial Mound, Disc Barrow, Eastern Europe, Hallstatt, Iberian Peninsular, ireland, Iron Age, la tene, Long Barrow, Neolithc, Nordic Bronze Age, Ring Barrow, Roman, Round Barrow, ScandinaviaUkraineCentral Europe, Square Barrow, Steppe Kurgan, timeline
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Jun 07
Guide: SAR Doppler Tomography
- Filed under Archaeology, Geophysics, Guide, Hidden Remains, New Sites, Remote Sensing and Analysis, Reports
Synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) already relies on Doppler shifts: echoes from scatterers in a side-looking radar beam have slightly different frequencies as the platform flies past, and focusing those micro-shifts yields a two-dimensional image.
- 3-D mapping, Airborne P-band, Archaeology, Back-scatter, Baseline (B⊥), Beam-forming Algorithm, Biomass, Capon, Coherence, coherent stack, Cryosphere, D-TomoSAR, differential processing, Doppler spectral cube, Forests, Height Resolution, Heritage monitoring, Infrastructure, InSAR, Interferometric SAR, Look Angle (θ), MUSIC, Penetration Depth, perpendicular baseline (B⊥), radar wavelength, RIAA, SAR, SAR Doppler Tomography, Satellite X-band stack.TerraSAR-X, Synthetic-Aperture Radar, temporal decorrelation, Tomographic SAR, TomoSAR, topography under vegetation, Voxel, Wavelength (λ)
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Jun 05
Guide: Classification of Henge Monuments
- Filed under Archaeology, Bronze Age, Earthworks, Henge, Iron Age, Landscape feature, Neolithic, New Sites
Archaeologists use the word “henge” for later-Neolithic and earliest Bronze-Age earthen rings whose ditch lies inside the bank, creating a deliberately bounded interior. The term itself was coined in 1932 by Kendrick; it was refined in the 1950s by Richard Atkinson, whose system still frames most discussion.
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Announcing: The Brigantian News!
- Roman Road to the West uncovered under Manchester Street 16 July 2025
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- Megalithic Stone Monuments in France May Be Europe’s Oldest 1 July 2025
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Portable Antiquities News
Incomplete and rather abraded Middle Saxon to Late Saxon sheet copper alloy hooked tag of Read 2008 early medieval single sharp-hooked clasp Class B, Type 2. One of the two attachment holes in incomplete. Six [...]
Small piece of solidified molten copper alloy of unknown but not recent date, shapeless with uneven surfaces. Weight 4.08g. [...]
Piece of solidified molten copper alloy of unknown but not recent date, shapeless with silvery grey uneven surfaces. Weight 56.48g. [...]
Medieval to post-medieval copper alloy button with an almost flat head and an integral drilled loop. A circumferential groove on the front face of the head is probably moulded and the flat area within it [...]
Badly misshapen Late Saxon to post-medieval lead spindle whorl, probably once either annular or plano-convex. On one face a rectangular depression, 15 x 9mm and 1.mm deep, which surrounds the central hole, may be created [...]
Post-medieval white-metal coated copper alloy double-looped buckle frame, both loops trapezoidal, with a lobe at the ends of the bar, cf. Whitehead 2003, nos. 512-3. Weight 6.22g. Length 40mm. Width 21.1mm. c.1620 - c.1680. [...]
Post-medieval copper alloy jew's harp with a rabbet for an iron tongue which has been lost. There are profuse file marks on much of the surfaces. Weight 24.97g. Length 59.5mm. Width 26.8mm. Thickness 7.4mm. Not [...]
Medieval to post-medieval copper alloy of variable pentagonal cross-section with file marks on non-abraded areas. Weight 3.71g. External diameter 26 - 26.6mm. Internal diameter 21mm. Thickness 2.5mm. Possibly used in the suspension of drapes (Egan [...]
Post-medieval copper alloy strap fitting, a small, circular, plano-convex mount with a pair of integral round-sectioned attachment spikes on the reverse. The tips of these are bent over suggesting the strap was c.4mm thick. Weight 0.90g. Diameter [...]
Post-medieval copper alloy flat harness mount in the form of an elaborate quatrefoil, with two integral oval-sectioned attachment spikes on the reverse bent over suggesting a strap c.3mm thick. Very similar to Read 2016, nos. [...]
Post-medieval copper alloy button with a solid plano-convex head and an integral non-drilled loop. Weight 1.88g. Diameter 9.6 - 10.3mm. Length 10.2mm. 16th century [...]
A fragment of a struck silver coin, very probably a halfgroat of Elizabeth I (1558-1603) mint of London. Not further defined.Inferred diameter 16mm, thickness 0.3mm, weight 0.3g. [...]
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Constantius II (AD323-361) dating to AD330-335 (Reece period 17). GLORIA EXERCITVS reverse type depicting two soldiers with two standards. Unclear mint. [...]
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD307-361) dating to AD330-335 (Reece period 17). GLORIA EXERCITVS reverse type depicting two soldiers with two standards. Unclear mint. [...]
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD307-361) dating to AD330-335 (Reece period 17). GLORIA EXERCITVS reverse type depicting two soldiers with two standards. Unclear mint. [...]
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD307-361) dating to AD330-335 (Reece period 17). GLORIA EXERCITVS reverse type depicting two soldiers with two standards. Unclear mint. [...]
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD307-361) dating to AD330-335 (Reece period 17). GLORIA EXERCITVS reverse type depicting two soldiers with two standards. Unclear mint. [...]
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD307-361) dating to AD330-335 (Reece period 17). GLORIA EXERCITVS reverse type depicting two soldiers with two standards. Unclear mint. [...]
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD307-361) dating to AD330-335 (Reece period 17). GLORIA EXERCITVS reverse type depicting two soldiers with two standards. Unclear mint. [...]
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD307-361) dating to AD330-335 (Reece period 17). CONSTANTINOPOLIS reverse type depicting Victory on a prow. Unclear mint. [...]
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