Roman Military Sites in Scotland

English names, Roman names where known, four figure map reference, site type, size, and history, including garrisons and associated military units. Where there is uncertainty over identification of an element a ? is used after the element: a ? before a Roman name means that the form of the name is uncertain, but that it is linked to that site.

The Gazetteer is organised in Scotland by county and unitary authority, preceded by summaries of groups of sites within frontier systems. • Frontiers • Aberdeenshire • Angus • South Ayreshire • East Ayreshire • Dumfries and Galloway • East Dunbartonshire • West Dunbartonshire • Dundee City • Edinburgh • Falkirk • Fife • Glasgow • Highland • Inverclyde • North Lanarkshire • South Lanarkshire • East Lothian • West Lothian • Moray • Midlothian • Perth and Kinross • Renfrewshire • Stirling • Scottish Borders •

FRONTIERS	Gask Ridge	The Gask Ridge frontier is a group of towers, forts and fortlets that run from south of Ardoch fort to Bertha. It is possible that the series extends further south to Doune or even to the Clyde-Forth isthmus. The little dating evidence that exists gives its abandonment at circa 87AD, but there is now evidence for a longer occupation than the traditional very short one that has been dated from either before the building of Inchtuthill fortress or just after that fortresses’ abandonment. The Gask appears to be the oldest known land frontier system anywhere in the Empire. See Perth and Kinross for site entries Woolliscroft, The Roman Gask in Limes Congress Report 1997 (1997) pp499-519 and at https://www.morgue.demon.co.uk/Pages/Gask/Britannia.html The Roman Gask Project Keppie, Scotland’s Roman Remains (1990) p183
	Antonine Wall	Earth or turf wall on stone base running for 60 km from Old Kilpatrick on the Clyde to the Firth of Forth near Carriden. It was built circa 140 AD. The original plan was for six forts (the Primary forts – Carriden, Mumrills, Castlecary, Bar Hill or Auchendavy, Balmuildy and Old Kilpatrick) about every 12.8 km and fortlet (similar to the mile castles on Hadrian’s Wall) at approximately every Roman mile. The mile fortlets were then abandoned and 13? small (Secondary) forts inserted about every 3.2 km. The Wall also has small ‘expansions’ the purpose of which are unknown. There are many temporary camps close to the Wall that sheltered the troops on building duties. Strathclydde and Central for detailed entries Keppie, Scotland’s Roman Remains (1990) pp180-181

ABERDEENSHIRE	Balmakewan NO6666	Marching camp, circa 50.0 ha Journal of Roman Studies LXVII, p143 (1977)
	Burnfield NJ5447	Marching camp Britannia XV, p273 (1984)
	Durno NJ6927	Marching camp, circa 58.0 ha – Flavian date? One of the suggested sites for Agricola’s camp before the battle of Mons Graupius. Frere & St Joseph, Roman Britain from the air, p30-1 (1983)
	Dun NO6859	Marching camp, 3.3 ha. As it is on a coastal site it may be associated with Agricola’s sixth campaign, where fleet and army acted together. Scottish Archaeological Forum XII, p45-7 Edinburgh (1981)
	Glenmailen NJ6538	Marching camp, 44.9 ha (Serveran?) Britannia I, p174-7 (1970)
	NJ6635	Marching camp, 14.1 ha, Flavian with “Stracathro” gateways Britannia I, p174-7 (1970)
	Kair House NO7676	Marching camp, 52.6 ha (Serveran?) Journal of Roman Studies LXVII, p143 (1977)
	Kintore Devona? NJ7816	Marching camp, 44.5 ha Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland CXVI, p 205 – 9, 1986
	Normandykes NO8399	Marching camp, 42.9 ha (Serveran?)Journal of Roman Studies LXVII, p143 (1977)
	Raedykes NO8490	Marching camp 37.6 ha, Flavian. One of the suggested sites for Agricola’s camp before the battle of Mons Graupius.Hanson, Agricola and the conquest of the North, pp130-6 (1987)
	Ythan Wells See Glenmailen

ANGUS	Cardean Tameia NO2846	3.2 ha Flavian fort, abandoned in the mid 80s AD.Britannia VII, p299 (1976)
	Eassie NO3546	Marching camp, 25.5 haBritannia I, p177 (1970)
	Finavon NO4957	Marching camp, 15.0 haJournal of Roman Studies LXVII, p140 (1977)
	Gagie NO4438	Small marching campJournal of Roman Studies LXIII, p224 & p 229 (1973)
	Inverquharity NO4058	0.5 ha Flavian fortlet, abandoned around 87 AD.Britannia XV, p275 (1984) Marching camp, 2.3 ha Britannia XVI, p263 (1985)
	Keithock NO6163	Marching camp, 26.6 haJournal of Roman Studies LXIII, p84 (1973)
	Kirkbuddo NO4944	Marching camp, 24.3 haJournal of Roman Studies LXIII, p230 (1973)
	Longforgan NO2930	Marching camp, 25.9 ha Britannia XXVI
	Lunanhead NO4752	Marching camp, 25.5 haJournal of Roman Studies LXIII, p224 (1973)
	Marcus NO5158	Marching camp, 26.2 haJournal of Roman Studies LIX, p111 (1969)
	Oathlaw NO4555	Marching camp, 52.6 ha (Severan?).Journal of Roman Studies LXVII, p143 (1977)
	Stracathro NO6165	Flavian fort, 2.6 ha that was abandoned around 87 AD Britannia I, p273 (1970) Flavian marching camp, 15.7 ha. The type site for “Stracathro” gateways. Britannia I, pp171-5 (1970)

EAST AYRESHIRE	Loudoun Hill NS60371.4 ha	Flavian fort, abandoned after the late 80s AD.The site was re-occupied in the Antonine period. Kennedy, Britannia VII pp286-7 (1976)

SOUTH AYRESHIRE	Girvan NX1999	Two marching camps, 21 ha and 13 ha Britannia XXV (1994) p257

EAST DUNBARTONSHIRE	Adamslee NS6473	Marching camp, 1.4 haRoyal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Lanarkshire, p134(1978)
	Auchendavy NS6774	Primary Antonine Wall fort, 1.4 haBritannia XVI, pp29-35 (1985)
	Balmuildy NS5871	Primary Antonine Wall fort, 1.7 haGlasgow Archaeological Journal IV, pp99-102 (1976)
	Buchley NT5972	Antonine Wall mile fortlet?Britannia XII, p320 (1981)
	NS5872	Expansion on the Antonine WallBritannia XIV, p227-43 (1983) Marching camp, 4.5 ha Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Lanarkshire, pp114
	Cadder NS6172	Secondary Antonine Wall fort, 1.4 ha. The site has now been now destroyed.Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Lanarkshire, pp121-4
	Castlehill NS5272	Secondary Antonine Wall fort 1.4 ha and possible mile fortlet. Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Gallorum equitata.Hanson & Maxwell, Rome’s North-West Frontier, p91 Edinburgh (1983)
	Cleddans NS5072	Antonine Wall mile fortlet, 0.1 haBritannia XII, p154-6 (1981)
	Duntocher NS4972	Secondary Antonine wall fortAntonine Wall mile fortlet, 0.3 ha Britannia X, p278 (1979)
	Glasgow Bridge NS6373	Antonine Wall mile fortlet, 0.1 haRoyal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Lanarkshire, pp134
	Kirkintilloch NS6574	Secondary Antonine Wall fortRobertson, The Antonine Wall pp74-6 (1979)
	Twechar NS6975	Marching camp, 1.5 haBritannia IX, p416 (1978)
	Summerston NS5772	Antonine Wall mile fortlet Marching camp, 2.4 ha, a construction camp for the Antonine Wall?. Britannia XIII, p98 (1982)
	Wilderness Plantation NS5972	Antonine Wall mile fortlet, 0.1 ha Britannia VI, p227 (1976) Expansions. on the Antonine Wall – Wilderness East and West. Hanson & Maxwell, Britannia XIV, p227-43 (1984)

WEST DUNBARTONSHIRE	Old Kilpatrick NS4673	Primary Antonine Wall fort, 1.9 ha, garrisoned by Cohors I Baetasiorum civium Romanorum ob virtutem et fidem.Robertson, The Antonine Wall pp74-89-916 (1979)

DUNDEE CITY	Invergowrie NO3430	Marching campBritannia XXII, p228 (1991)

DUMFRIES & GALLOWAY	Amisfield Tower NX9984	Marching camp, circa 8.0 haBritannia XVIII, p40 (1987)
DUMFRIES & GALLOWAY	Annan NY1965	Marching camp, 3.5 ha Britannia XXVII
	NY1765	Marching camp, 3.5 ha, Flavian?Britannia XVIII, p40 (1987)
	Annanfoot See Annan
	Bankfoot See Dalswinton
	Barburgh Mill NX9088	Antonine fortlet, 0.1 haBreeze, Britannia V, pp130-162 (1974)
	Barnhill See Beattock
	Beattock NT0802	Fortlet? of Flavian? date.Three marching camps c 23 ha, c 16.2 ha Flavian, with “Stracathro” gateways and c 11.6 ha, Antonine? see also Strathclyde Maxwell and Wilson, Britannia XVIII
	Birrens Blatobulgium NY2175	A Flavian fortlet 0.6 ha (and fort?) that was succeeded by a 1.7 ha fort built circa 120 AD.Early in the Antonine period a stone fort of 2.1 ha was built and garrisoned, first by Cohors I Nervia (Nervana) Germanorum milliaria equitata and then by Cohors II Tungrorum milliaria equitata civium latinorum, After the withdrawal to Hadrian’s Wall it remained as an outpost fort until circa 180 AD. Robertson, Birrens -Blatobulgium, (1975)
	NY2174	Six marching campsJournal of Roman Studies XLI, p58 (1951)
	Broomholm NY3781	1.7 ha Flavian fort. In the early 2nd century it was succeeded by a fortlet, that served as an an outpost for the Stanegate frontier? or Hadrian’s Wall? Antonine fort 0.8 ha Journal of Roman Studies LV, p202 (1965)
	Burnswark NY1878	A hillfort with a fortlet (Antonine?) occupying a small part of the site. Marching camps and ballista platforms that are either a training site of the mid-late 2nd century for troops based at Birrens or the site of a siege of the hill fort. Jobey, Transactions of the Dumfriesshire & Galloway Natural History & Antiquarian Society 53 (1977-8)
	Carronbridge NX8697	Marching camp 0.6 haTransactions of the Dumfriesshire & Galloway Natural History & Antiquarian Society 32, pp9-34 (1953-4)
	Carzield NX9681	An Antonine fort 3.0 ha Birley & Richmond Transactions of the Dumfriesshire & Galloway Natural History & Antiquarian Society 22 (1938-9)
	NX9682	Marching camp, 0.7 ha
	Craik Cross NT3004	Signal station (the site extends into Borders)Richmond, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 80 pp103-17 (1945-6)
	Dalswinton NX9384	A complex site that served as the western equivalent of Newstead. There were two early Flavian forts, succeeded by an 3.5 ha fort in the early 80s AD, which in turn was succeeded by a 4.2 ha fort in the late 80s AD. Both the later forts had accommodation for cavalry, either a cohors equitata or two quingenery ala. Birley, Transactions of the Dumfriesshire & Galloway Natural History & Antiquarian Society 35, pp 9-13, (1938-9)
	NX9383	Two marching camps 24.8 ha Flavian? and c 2.0 ha Flavian with “Stracathro” gatewaysRichmond & St Joseph, Transactions of the Dumfriesshire & Galloway Natural History & Antiquarian Society 34 pp 9-21 (1955-6)
	Dinwoodie NY0989	Marching camp of about 5.0 haJournal of Roman Studies LIX, p108 (1969)
	Dinwoodie Green see Dinwoodie
	Drumlanrig NX8598	1.5 ha fort, Flavian, The site was occupied in the Antonine period by a 1.6 ha fort. Marching camp Britannia XXIX p380 (1998)
	Durisdeer NS9004	Antonine fortlet of 0.2 ha Robertson, in The Roman Occupation of South-Western Scotland pp 124-6 (1952)
	NS8903	Two marching camps, c 20 ha and 6.2 ha Flavian?Journal of Roman Studies XLI ,p60 (1951)
	Ellisland NX9284	Two marching camps, 0.8 ha and 0.3 haHanson & Maxwell, Rome’s North-West Frontier, Edinburgh (1983)
	Ellisland Farm See Ellisland
	Fourmerkland NX9180	Two marching camps, 5.9 ha Flavian? and 0.3 haScottish Archaeological Forum XII, p40 Edinburgh (1981)
	Gatehouse of Fleet NX5957	Flavian fortlet, 0.3 ha St Joseph, Rome and her northern provinces, Alan Sutton (1983)
	Gilnockie NY3879	10.2 ha marching campRoyal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Dumfriesshire pp27-8
	Glenlochar NX7364	Late Flavian fort, 3.4 ha that was held until circa 100 AD. The site was occupied by a similar sized fort during the Antonine period. Seven marching camps, including 12.7 ha, 8.8 ha Flavian?, 6.1 ha, 0.4 ha and 0.1 ha Richmond & St Joseph, Transactions of the Dumfriesshire & Galloway Natural History & Antiquarian Society 30 pp1-16 (1951-2)
	Glenluce NX1956	Marching camp, c 16 haBritannia XXIV, p281 (1993)
	Hangingshaw see Dinwoodie
	Islafoot NX8599	Marching camp, 6.2 haBritannia XXIX, p380 (1998)
	Kirkpatrick-Fleming NY2870	Two marching camps, 25.5 ha and 5.6 ha Britannia XXIII
	Kirkland NX8090	Flavian? fortletBritannia XXIV, p281 (1993)
	Ladyward NY1182	Fort, 2.0 haBritannia XXI, pp312-4 (199o)
	Lantonside NY0166	Fortlet, 0.2 ha, Antonine?Britannia XVI, p267 (1985)
	Lochmaben NY0982	Marching camp, 25.5 haBritannia XVII, p374 (1986)
	Milton NT0901	Flavian fort of 2.8 ha. In the Antonine period the site was occupied by an Antonine fortlet of 0.2 ha. The fortlet was possibly garrisoned by a detachment of Cohors II Tungrorum from Birrens. Marching camp, 2.2 ha Clarke, Transactions of the Dumfriesshire & Galloway Natural History & Antiquarian Society 28 pp199-201 (1949-50)
	Murder Loch NY0385	Antonine fortlet, 0.3 haBritannia VI, p230 (1975)
	Raeburnfoot NY2599	Antonine fortlet, 0.6 ha built within the defences of a Flavian fort? of 2.1 haProceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 97, pp189-90 (1963-4)
	Sanquhar NS7710	Fortlet? – Antonine?Britannia XVI, p267 (1985)
	Shawhead NX8776	Two small marching campsJournal of Roman Studies LI, p122 (1961)
	Shieldhill See Murder Loch
	Tassiesholm see Milton
	Torwood NY1281	Marching camp, 20.4 haMiller, The Roman Occupation of South-Western Scotland, Glasgow (1952)
	Ward Law Uxelum NY0266	Marching camp, 3.0 ha? one entrance has four titulum in a diamond patternBritannia IX, p419 (1978)
	Waterside Mains NX8696	Marching camp, circa 1.2 haBritannia IX, p411 (1978)
	White Type NT0511	Signal stationBritannia VII, p37 (1976)

EDINBURGH	Cramond NT1876	Flavian fort? 2.4 ha Antonine fort, and presumably supply base for the Antonine Wall. Garrisoned by a detachment of Cohors II Tungrorum milliaria equitata civium latinorum? The site was re-occupied briefly during the Severan advance.Cohors V Gallorum erected an altar here possibly in the 3rd century. Britannia XXVII
	Gogar Green NT1771	Two marching camps, one c7.5 ha Britannia XXVIII, p38 (1987)

FALKIRK	Arthurs O’on NS8782	A tomb or a victory monument? demolished in 1743 Steer, K, Glasgow Archaeological Journal 4, p90-2 (1976)
	Bo’ness NT0081	Marching camp, 2.3 haProceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 89, pp333-5 (1955-6)
	Bonnyside NNS8379	Two expansions on the Antonine Wall – Bonnyside East and Bonnyside West.Britannia XXI, p241 (1990)
	Camelon Colania? NS8580	Fort (2.9 ha) occupied in the Flavian and Antonine periods. The area appears to have served as the jumping-off point for expeditions beyond the Forth-Clyde isthmus.Fifteen marching camps, including 14.1 ha Flavian?, 10.1 ha Flavian with “Stracathro” gateways and another camp occupying the same area also Flavian with “Stracathro” gateways, plus Antonine and Severan examples (see also Wester Carmuirs). Keppie, Scotland’s Roman Remains (1990) p183
	Carriden Velunia NT0280	Eastern terminal fort (primary) on the Antonine Wall, 1.6 ha.Richmond & Steer, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 90, pp1-7 (1956-7)
	Castlecary NS7978	Agricolan fort? Primary Antonine Wall fort, 1.6 ha. Garrisoned by Cohors I Fida Vardullorum milliaria equitata civium Romanorum and Cohors I Tungrorum milliaria, but the sequence is not known. Britannia I, p7 (1973)
	Craigarnhall NS7598	Marching camp 24.5 haJournal of Roman Studies LXVII, p135 (1977)
	Dalnair NS8179	Marching camp, 1.8 ha, close to SeabegsHanson & Maxwell, Rome’s North-West Frontier, Edinburgh (1983)
	Dunipace NS9482	Marching campBritannia XV, p275 (1984)
	Falkirk NS8879	Fort that may have preceded the Antonine Wall; rebuilt when the Wall arrived or demolished Britannia XXIII (1992) p262-263
	Garnhall NS7878 NS7877	Two marching camps, 4.1 ha, size of the other unknown Britannia XXV (1994) pp255-256 Watch tower? Britannia XXVII
	Inveravon NS9579	Secondary Antonine Wall fort; built on the site of an expansion Three marching camps, 2.8 ha, 2.1 ha and 0.2 ha Keppie and Walker, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland CXIX (1989) p143
	Kinglass Park see Bo’ness
	Kinneil NS9780	Antonine Wall mile fortletKeppie, Britannia XIII, (1982)
	Lochlands see Camelon
	NS5699	Two marching camps, 10.4 ha Flavian with “Stracathro” gateways and 5.3 ha Flavian?Britannia XV, p275 (1984)
	Milnquarter NS8279	Marching camp, 10.9 haProceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 89, pp329-31 (1955-6)
	Mumrills NS9179	Flavian fort? Primary Antonine Wall fort of 2.9 ha that was garrisoned by Ala I Tungrorum and then by Cohors II Thracum equitata. Britannia XXVII
	NS9279	Marching camp 0.2 haJournal of Roman Studies XLVIII, p89 (1958)
	Polmont NS9478	Two marching camps, one 1.9 haHanson & Maxwell, Rome’s North-West Frontier, Edinburgh (1983)
	Rough Castle NS8479	Secondary Antonine Wall fort 0.6 ha that was garrisoned by Cohors VI NerviorumProceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland pp230-85 (1978-80)
	Seabegs NS8179	Antonine Wall mile fortlet and secondary fort? See also DalnairKeppie & Walker, Britannia XII, pp143-62 (1981)
	Tentfield East NS8579	Antonine Wall extension Woolliscroft, Britannia XXVII, pp153-78 (1996)
	Tentfield West NS8479	Antonine Wall extension Woolliscroft, Britannia XXVII, pp153-78 (1996)
	Toll Park NS7777	Marching camp, 1.9 haProceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 89, pp329-30(1955-6)
	Watling Lodge NS8679	Antonine Wall mile fortlet, where the road to Ardoch and the north crosses the Wall.Breeze, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 105, pp166-75 (1972-74)
	Wester Carmuirs NS8580	Marching camp, 5.1 ha (Antonine?) between Camelon and the wall.Hanson & Maxwell, Rome’s North-West Frontier, Edinburgh (1983)

FIFE	Auchtermuchty NO2411	Marching camp, 24.2 ha Serveran?Proceedings Society of Antiquaries of Scotland CXXII (1992) pp184-7
FIFE	Bonnytown NO5412	Marching camp, 14.2 haJournal of Roman Studies LXIII, p229 (1973)
	Carpow NO2017I, p220-3 (1973)	Flavian enclosure of 45 ha, perhaps associated with joint navy/army operations under Agricola.Severan enclosure of 28 ha, bridgehead for operations over the Tay (see St Madoes) Frere & St Joseph, Roman Britain from the air, p30-1 (1983) 9.7 ha Severan fortress and held for a brief time in the early 3rd century and garrisoned by vexillations of Legio II Augusta and Legio VI Victrix Britannica pia fidelis. Journal of Roman Studies LXII
	Edenwood NO3511	Marching camp 25 ha Severan?Britannia X, p447 (1979)

GLASGOW	Bearsden NS5472	Secondary Antonine Wall fort, 1.2 haBreeze, Studies in Scottish Antiquity, pp32-68 (1984)

HIGHLAND	Cawdor NH8048	Fort?Britannia XX, p265 (1989)

INVERCLYDE	Lurg Moor NS2973	Antonine fortlet, 0.2 ha; part of the western coastal extension of the Antonine WallRobertson, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 97 pp198-200 (1963-64)
	Outerwards NS2366	Antonine fortlet, 0.1ha. Part of the western coastal extension of the Antonine Wall.Newall, Glasgow Archaeological Journal 4, p111-23 (1976)

SOUTH LANARKSHIRE	Bankhead NS9744	Fortlet, 0.2 ha, Flavian?Britannia XVI, p265 (1985)
	NS9845	Marching camps 16.8 ha and 12.7 Flavian? haScottish Archaeological Forum XI, p40 Edinburgh (1981)
	Beattock Summit NS9915	Signal station (see also Dumfries & Galloway)Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Lanarkshire, pp118-9
	Carnwath See Bankhead
	Carstairs Mains NS9444	Marching camp 12.4 ha – Antonine? Britannia XV, p276 (1984)
	Castledykes Corda NS9244	Flavian fort, 3.2 ha, abandoned after the late 80s AD.The site was re-occupied in the Antonine period. Seven marching camps, 24.5 ha Flavian with “Stracathro” gateways, 19.0 ha, 17 ha, 5.1 ha, 1.0 ha and two of unknown size. Robertson, The Roman Fort at Castledykes (1964)
	Cleghorn NS9145	Marching camp,17.8 haRoyal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Lanarkshire p128
	Cornhill NT0235	Marching camp, 17.4 ha reduced to 14.0 ha.Glasgow Archaeological Journal IV, pp6-7 (1976)
	Coulter See Cornhill
	Crawford NS9520	Flavian fort, 0.8 ha, abandoned after the late 80s AD.1.1 ha Antonine fort Three marching camps Maxwell, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 104 pp147-200 (1971-2)
	High Cauldcoats NS6941	Marching camp, c 5.3 haBritannia XXI, p312 (1990)
	Lamington NS9730	Antonine fortlet, 0.3 ha Marching camp, 8.2 ha Flavian? Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Lanarkshire pp160
	Little Clyde NS9915	Marching camp, 12.7 haRoyal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Lanarkshire p134-135
	Redshaw Burn NT0313	Antonine fortlet, 0.3 haRoyal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Lanarkshire, pp134-5
	Wandel NS9426	Antonine fortlet, 0.1 ha Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Lanarkshire p136 (1978) Marching camp Britannia II, p249 (1971)
	Whitemoss see Bishopston

NORTH LANARKSHIRE	Bar Hill NS7075	Secondary Antonine Wall fort, 1.4 ha. Garrisoned by Cohors I Hamiorum Sagitttariorum and then by Cohors I Baetasiorum civium Romanorum ob virtutem et fidem.Robertson et al, Bar Hill: a Roman fort and its finds, (BAR 16, 1975) Marching camp, 0.6 h? Britannia XVI, p264 (1985)
	Bothwellhaugh NS7357	Antonine fort, 1.7 ha Keppie, Scotland’s Roman Remains (1990) p178
	Croy Hill NS7376	Secondary Antonine Wall fort. 0.8 haMile fortlet, 0.1 ha Marching camp, construction camp for work on the Antonine Wall ? Robertson, The Antonine Wall pp65-8 (1979)
	Dullatur NS7476	Two marching camps circa 4 and 1.7 haGlasgow Archaeological Journal V, pp9-12 (1978)
	Mollins NS7171	Flavian fortlet, 0.4 ha, abandoned late 80s AD Hanson and Maxwell, Britannia II (1980) pp43-49
	Westerwood NS7677	Secondary Antonine Wall fort, 1.0 haRobertson, The Antonine Wall pp62-4 (1979)

EAST LOTHIAN	Fala NT4361	Marching campBritannia XVIII, p38 (1987)
	Inveresk Coria? NT3472	2.5 ha Antonine fort Britannia XXIV, p280 (1993)
	NT3471	Two marching camps, 22.3 ha (Serveran?) and 8.1 haBritannia XVI, p265 (1985)
	Pathhead NT3963	Three marching camps, 66.7 ha (Serveran?, 21.4 ha and 5.3 ha
	NT3863	Temporary camp, 1.5 ha, Flavian with “Stracathro” gatewaysMaxwell Britannia XIV (1983) pp167-181
	Millburn Tower see Gogar Green
	Smeaton see Dalkeith
	Woodhead See Pathhead

WEST LOTHIAN	Castle Greg NT0559	Flavian? fortlet (0.3 ha) the site was occupied during the advance into Scotland, but not during the withdrawal to southern Scotland.Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Midlothian p140
	Linlithgow NT0077	Marching camp?Britannia XXI, p312 (1990)
	Livingston NT0366	Fortlet?Britannia XXIV, p280 (1993)

MORAY	Auchinhove NJ4651	Marching camp, over 12.0 ha, Flavian with “Stracathro” gatewaysJournal of Roman Studies LXIII, p226-8 (1973)
	Balnageith NJ0257	Fort? c 4.0 haBritannia XXII, p226 (1991)
	Bellie NJ3561	Marching camp, 3.3 haBritannia XVII, p370 (1986)
	Muiryfold NJ4852	Marching camp, 44.1 ha (Serveran?)Journal of Roman Studies LXVII, p143 (1977)

MIDLOTHIAN	Elginhaugh NT3267	Flavian fort 1.4 ha that was abandoned as a fort circa 86 AD, but used by the army as a collecting point for cattle after this? Hanson, W. S., Across the frontier: addressing the ambiguities, in Roman Frontier Studies 1996, Oxbow, pp373-378 Marching camp, 0.6 ha Maxwell Britannia XIV (1983) pp167-181
	Eskbank NT3266	Two large marching camps, one Serveran?Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 105, pp141-50 (1972-4)
	Carlops NT1757	Marching camp, 16.9 haBritannia XVII, p371 (1986)
	Dalkeith NT3469	Marching camp Britannia XXVII

PERTH AND KINROSS	Abernethy NO1716	Marching camp, 45.9 ha, Flavian?Journal of Roman Studies LXVII, p140 (1977)
PERTH AND KINROSS	Ardoch Alauna NN8309	A two period? Flavian fort of 1.7 ha and later 3.2 ha. After the abandonment of Inchtuthill in the mid 80s AD it formed part of the Gask Ridge frontier until that was abandoned in the late 80s AD. At some stage during the Flavian period the garrison was Cohors I Hispanorum equitata.In the Antonine period the fort was an outpost for the Wall, 3.2 ha, but later reduced to 2.3 ha. Seven marching camps, including ones of 52.6 ha Severan?, 25.5 ha, 13.3 ha, 11.9 ha Flavian? and 5.5 ha Flavian? Keppie, Scotland’s Roman Remains 1986 p182 Britannia XXV (1994) p 255
	Ardunie NN9418	Gask Ridge system watch tower Crawford Topography of Roman Scotland, Cambridge (1949)
	Bertha NO0926	Flavian fort abandoned after Inchtuthil in the late 80s AD. The site was reoccupied in the Antonine period and was the most northerly outpost fort for the Antonine Wall.Adamson & Gallagher, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 116, pp195-204 (1986)
	Blackhill Wood NN8410	Gask Ridge system signal station St Joseph Journal of Roman Studies 67 pp125-61 (1977)
	Blackhill NO1739	Signal station associated with the fortress at Inchtuthill.Richmond, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 74, pp37-40 (1939-40)
	NO2946	Marching camp, 52.4 ha – Severan?Journal of Roman Studies LXVII, pp140-43 (1977)
	Cargill NO1637	Flavian fort. c 2.0 ha, abandoned by the mid 80s AD.Britannia XIII, pp335-6 (1982)
	Cargill Mains NO1637	Flavian fortlet 0.7 haJournal of Roman Studies LXVIII, p91 (1958)
	Craigens See Roundlaw
	Cuiltburn NN8917	Roman site? Britannia XXVII (1996) p396 and The Roman Gask Project
	Dalginross Bannatia NN7721	Flavian “Highland Line” fort, 2.4 ha, abandoned in the mid 80s AD.Marching camp, 9.5 ha, Flavian with “Stracathro” gateways. Frere & St Joseph, Roman Britain from the air, p129-31 (1983)
	Dornock NN8719	Marching camp, 9.3 haJournal of Roman Studies 63, p229 (1973) and The Roman Gask Project
	Dunning NO0215	Marching camp, 47.3 ha, Flavian?Journal of Roman Studies LXIII, p218-9 (1973)
	East Mid Lamberkin NO0722	Temporary camp (possibly a training site), 0.4 ha, Flavian?The Roman Gask Project
	Fendoch NN9128	Flavian “Highland Line” fort, 1.8 ha, The site was abandoned in the mid 80s AD.Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 73, pp1110-54 (1938-9)
	Forteviot NO0317	Marching camp, 25.1 haProceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 84, p217 (1952)
	Gask House NN9919	Gask Ridge system watch tower Marching camp, 2.0 ha Robertson Trans Perthshire Society of Natural Sciences (1974) pp14-29
	Glenbank NN8105	Flavian fortlet, 0.1 haBritannia XV, p273 (1984)
	Gourdie NO1042 NO1142	Temporary campQuarry for Inchtuthil fortress Marching camp, 1.5 ha Pitts and St Joseph Inchtuthil. The Roman legionary fortress excavations, 1952-1965 Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies (1985)
	Grassy Walls NO1028	Marching camp (Severan), 52.2 ha, at the crossing of the Tay.Journal of Roman Studies XLVIII, p91 (1958)
	Greenloaning NN8307	Watch tower; on the road between Ardoch and Glenbank Britannia XXVII (1996) p396
	Huntingtower NO0724	Gask Ridge system watch tower Frere Britannia XVII (1986) pp364-427
	Inchtuthil Victoria? NO1239	Flavian legionary fortress, 21.7 ha. Construction started circa 83 AD and was abandoned circa 87 AD. Garrisoned by Legio XX Valeria Victrix. See Hassall for alternative suggestion that the garrison was II Adiutrix.Two construction camps and a stores compound for the fortress. Pitts and St Joseph Inchtuthil. The Roman legionary fortress excavations, 1952-1965 Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies (1985) Hassall, M., Pre-Hadrianic legionary dispositions in Roman Fortresses and their legions, ed Brewer, London & Cardiff 2000
	Innerpeffray NN9118	Two marching camps, 55 ha ( Severan?) and 25.5 ha.Journal of Roman Studies LIX, p116 (1969)
	Kaims Castle NN8612	Flavian fortlet, 0.1 ha, part of the Gask Ridge system.The Roman Gask Project
	Kinnell NO6150	Marching camp, 25.4 haJournal of Roman Studies LXVII, p140 (1977)
	Kirkhill NN9618	Gask Ridge system watch tower Christison Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland XXV (1901) pp15-43
	Lintrose NO2237	Marching camp, 22.3 haJournal of Roman Studies LXIII, p230 (1973)
	Midgate see Thorny Hill
	Moss Side NO0019	Gask Ridge system watch tower Christison Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland XXV (1901) pp15-43
	Muir O’Fauld NN9818	Gask Ridge system watch tower Christison Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland XXV (1901) pp15-43
	North Blackruthven See Huntingtower
	Oathlaw NO4555	Marching camp, 52.6 ha (Severan?).Journal of Roman Studies LXVII, p143 (1977)
	Parkneuk NN9118	Gask Ridge system watch tower Robertson Trans Perthshire Society of Natural Sciences (1974) pp14-29
	Peel NO0623	Gask Ridge system watch tower? Hanson and Friell Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland CXXV (1995) pp499-519
	Raith NN9318	Gask Ridge system watch tower Christison Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland XXV (1901) pp15-43
	Roundlaw NN9518	Gask Ridge system watch tower Hanson and Friell Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland CXXV (1995) pp499-519
	Scone Park NO1027	Marching camp, 25.5 haJournal of Roman Studies LXIII, p230 (1973)
	Shielhill North NN8512	Gask Ridge system watch tower St Joseph Journal of Roman Studies (1973) pp214-46
	Shielhill South NN8511	Gask Ridge system watch tower St Joseph Journal of Roman Studies (1977) pp125-61
	Sma’ Glen NN9028	Watch tower (?) for Fendoch fort, Flavian Keppie, Scotland’s Roman Remains, p157 (1986)
	St Madoes NO2019	Serveran? marching camp, opposite Carpow Frere and St Joseph, Roman Britain from the air
	Steedstalls See Gourdie
	Stracathro NO6165	Flavian fort, 2.6 ha that was abandoned around 87 AD Britannia I, p273 (1970) Flavian marching camp, 15.7 ha. The type site for “Stracathro” gateways. Britannia I, pp171-5 (1970)
	Strageath NN8918	1.8 ha Flavian fort on the road to Inchtuthil and part of the Gask Ridge system and abandoned late 80s AD.Outpost fort (1.8 ha) for the Antonine Wall. Frere & Wilkes, Strageath: excavations within the Roman fort 1973-86 London (1989) Marching camp 13.5 ha Scottish Archaeological Forum XII, p41 Edinburgh (1981)
	Thorny Hill NO0220	Gask Ridge system watch tower Wooliscroft “Signalling and design of the Gask Ridge frontier” Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland CXXIII (1994) Fortlet, Flavian?Hanson and Friell Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland CXXV (1995) pp 499-519
	Upper Quoigs NN8206	Not an archaeological site Britannia XXVIII (1997) p 406
	West Mains See Huntingtower
	Westerton NN8714	Gask Ridge system watch tower Hanson and Friell Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland CXXV (1995) pp499-519
	Westmuir NO0220	Gask Ridge system watch tower Hanson and Friell Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland CXXV (1995) pp499-519
	Witch Knowe NN9919	Gask Ridge system watch tower Christison Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland XXV (1901) pp15-43
	Woodlea See Greenloaning

RENFREWSHIRE	Barochan Coria? NS4169	Flavian fort, 1.4 ha, with two occupation periods. Britannia XVII, p371 (1986)
	Barochan Hill see Barochan
	Bishopton NS4172	Antonine fort, 1.8 ha, located on the Clyde west of the Antonine Wall. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 83, pp28-32 (1948-9)


SCOTTISH BORDERS	Blainslie NT5544	Marching camp, 19.0 ha, Antonine?Journal of Roman Studies LXIII, p217 (1973)
SCOTTISH BORDERS	Brownhart Law NT7909	Signal station, one of a group of sites at Chew Green, Northumberland, The tower may have provided a link to Newstead via others at Rubers Law and Eldon North Hill.Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Roxburghshire pp378-9 (1956)
	Cappuck NT6921	Flavian fortlet, 0.6 ha, with two occupation periods that was held until the withdrawal to the Stanegate frontier. It was re-occupied during the Antonine period (0.7 ha) and retained as an outpost fort for Hadrian’s Wall until circa 180 AD. In the late 2nd century it may have been garrisoned by the Vexillatio Raetorum Gaesatorum.Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Roxburghshire pp381-3 (1956)
	NT6920	One marching camp. See also Ulston Moor for other camps close by
	Castlecraig NT1244	Two marching camps, 17 + ha (Severan?) and at least 3.5 ha.Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Peebleshire II p365 (1967)
	Cavers Mains NT5416	Marching camp, 15.0 haJournal of Roman Studies LIX, p78 (1965)
	Channelkirk NT4754	Two marching camps, one of 66.5 ha Severan? St. Joseph, Journal of Roman Studies 51 p121 (1961)
	Craik Cross NT3004	Signal station (the site extends into Dumfries and Galloway)Richmond, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 80 pp103-17 (1945-6)
	Denholm NT5417	Marching camp, 11.2 ha Flavian?Journal of Roman Studies LI, p122 (1961)
	Easter Happrew ?Carbantoritum NT1940	A Flavian fort of 1.7 ha acres abandoned in the late 80s AD. See also Lyne.Steer, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 90 pp93-101 (1956-7)
	Easter Langlee NT5236	Shrine? Steer, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 90 pp320-1 (1964-66)
	Eildon Hill North NT5532	Antonine signal station that may have been part of a communication system for Newstead (see also Rubers Law and Brownhart Law).Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Roxburghshire pp306-10 (1956)
	Eshiels NT2839	Two marching camps, 11.2 and 6.6 ha, both Flavian? Britannia XXVII
	Innerleithen NT3336	Marching camp, at least 15 ha Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Peeblesshire I, p171-2 (1977)
	Kaimhouse NT1649	Marching camp of 14.0 ha plus Britannia XXIV, p284 (199)
	Kedslie NT5540	Marching camp, 7.3 ha Britannia XVIII, p37 (1987)
	Lyne ?Carbantoritum NT1840	An Antonine period fort of 2.7 ha, possibly garrisoned by a milliary auxiliary regiment. The fort was succeeded by Antonine fortlet, 0.1 ha. The site may have performed the same strategic role in the Antonine period as the Flavian fort at Easter Happrew south of Lyne Water
	NT2040	Two marching camps, 19.0 ha Antonine? and 10.9 ha Flavian? Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Peeblesshire I pp171-75
	Maxton NT6130	Marching camp Journal of Roman Studies LV, p78 (1965)
	Milrighall NT5326	Marching camp, 10.9 ha Britannia IX, p418 (1978)
	Newstead Trimontium NT5734	A Flavian fort of 4.3 ha that was enlarged to 5.8 ha in the late 80s AD to act as the anchor for the eastern side of the new frontier zone. The Flavian garrison may have been Ala Petriana and a vexillation from Legio VIIII Hispana.The site was re-occupied during the Antonine period by a 6.0 ha turf and timber fort, capable of accomodating 1,500 men. This was replaced by a stone fort of c4.0 ha, which appears to have had a supply/industrial role. Towards the end of the Antonine period the fort was extended again in stone to an area of again c6.0 ha and became a more front line military site, this site declined in use and was abandoned c180 AD. The Antonine garrison may have been Ala Augusta Vocontiorum CR with a vexillation of Legio XX Valeria Victrix. Five marching camps, one of 66.5 ha the mustering point for Severus’ invasion of Scotland? and others of 19.8 ha and 16.7 ha. See also Brownhart Law, Rubers Law and Eildon North Hill. Britannia XXV
	North Slipperford NT1352	Marching camp, at least 11.0 ha Britannia XXVII
	Oakwood NT4225	A Flavian fort of 1.9 ha that was abandoned in the retreat to the Stanegate frontier circa 100 AD. Marching camp, 16.1 ha Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Selkirkshire 99-102
	Oxton NT4954	Fortlet of 0.2 ha, Flavian or Antonine Britannia XV, p276 (1984)
	Pennymuir NT7513	A complex of four marching camps. The sizes of three are 17.0 ha Antonine?, 3.7 ha and 6.1 ha.Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Roxburghshire pp375- 77
	Rubers Law NT5815	Antonine signal station that may have been part of a communication system for Newstead (see also Eildon North and Brownhart Law).Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Roxburghshire pp306-10 (1956)
	St Boswells NT6031	Two marching camps, 21.6 ha Antonine? and 5.5 haHanson & Maxwell, Rome’s North-West Frontier, Edinburgh (1983)
	St Leonards NT5445	Marching camp, 66.5 ha Severan?Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Roxburghshire I, pp312 (1956)
	Tocherknowe NT1452	FortletBritannia XXIV, p283 (1993)
	Ulston Moor NT6922 NT6821	Four marching camps, close to Cappuck, sizes of three are 19 ha, 7.8 ha and 2.2 haHanson & Maxwell, Rome’s North-West Frontier, Edinburgh (1983)
	Woden Law NT7612	Practice? siege works at small hillfortRoyal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, Roxburghshire I, pp169-172 (1956)

STIRLING	Callander See Bochastle
	Bochastle ?Bannatia NN6107	Flavian “Highland Line” fort, 1.9 haBritannia III, p13-14 (1972) Two marching camps, one 19.5 ha Flavian, with “Stracathro” entrance Britannia XVIII, p29 (1987)
	Doune NN7201	A Flavian fort of 2.6 ha that was abandoned in the late 80s AD. The fort guarded the point where the Roman road from Camelon to Ardoch crossed the river Teith.Maxwell, Britannia XV (1984) pp217-223
	Drumquhassle Lindum NS4887	Flavian “Highland Line” fort, 1.2 ha. It was abandoned in the mid 80s AD.Maxwell, Britannia XIV (1983) pp167-181
	Dunblane NN7700	Two marching camps, 13.2 ha and 5.8 ha Flavian? Robertson, Glasgow Archaeological Journal (1969) pp35f
	Hillside See Dunblane
	Lake of Menteith see Malling
	Malling ?Lindum NS5600	Flavian “Highland Line” fort of 2.7 ha that was abandoned in the mid 80s AD. Journal of Roman Studies LIX, p109-10 (1969)

Roman Military Sites in Scotland

Roman Military Sites in Scotland

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