Roman Military sites in Northern England

English names, Roman names where known, four figure map reference, site type, size, and history, including garrisons and associated military units. Where there is uncertainty over identification of an element a ? is used after the element: a ? before a Roman name means that the form of the name is uncertain, but that it is linked to that site.

The Gazetteer is organised by Counties, preceded by summaries of groups of sites: frontiers or industrial areas.

• Bradford • Cumbria • Darlington • Doncaster • Durham • Gateshead • Kirklees • Lancashire • Leeds • North Lincolnshire • Manchester • Newcastle upon Tyne • Northumberland • Oldham • Redcar and Cleveland • Rotherham • East Riding • Sunderland • North Tyne • South Tyne • Wakefield • York • North Yorkshire •

FRONTIERS	Stanegate Frontier	The Stanegate Frontier is a suggested late first century system based on an earlier road. The Stanegate (not its Roman name) road was built c 80 AD from Carlisle to Corbridge. There were forts approximately every 22 km (Carlisle, Nether Denton, Chesterholm, Corbridge and Whickham). Around 100 AD, following the withdrawal from Scotland, the road and its forts formed the frontier of the Province. Extra forts (Old Church, Burgh-by-Sands, Carvoran and Newbrough) and fortlets were added. There may have been defences on the Cumbrian coast. See Cumbria and Northumberland for details. Jones, G. D. B., The emergence of the Tyne – Solway frontier in Maxfield and Dobson (eds) Roman Frontier Studies 1989, Exeter, 1991, pp98-107
	Hadrian’s Wall	118 km long and built c 122 – 130 AD. The Wall was originally intended to be stone from Newcastle to the River Irthing and then turf to the Solway. It had mile castles every Roman mile and two turrets between each mile castle. The Wall garrison was to have been based in forts on the Stanegate. During Hadrian’s reign 12 forts were added at c 11 km intervals (Wallsend, Benwall, Rudchester, Halton Chesters, Chesters, Housesteads, Great Chesters, Birdoswold, Castlesteads, Stanwix, Burgh-by-Sands and Bowness) to house the garrison on the Wall. Later in Hadrian’s reign three further forts were added (Carrawburgh, Carvoran and Drumburgh). The last section of turf wall was rebuilt in stone c 160 AD. Forts and the Wall were reconstructed under Septimus Severus (early 3rd century), Constantius (early 4th century) and Theodosius (c 367 AD). The Wall was not occupied during the Antonine advances into Scotland. There were outpost forts at Birrens, Netherby, Bewcastle, High Rochester and Risingham and the frontier extended as a palisade, turrets and mile castles 42 km down the Cumbria coast, where there were also forts (Beckfoot, Maryport and Moresby). See Cumbria and Northumberland for details, but note that only visible turrets and milecastles have been included in the gazetteer. Breeze & Dobson, Hadrian’s Wall, London 1991 Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989 Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978

BRADFORD	Ilkley Verbeia SE1147	Flavian fort, abandoned early in the 2nd century. The 1.3 ha site was re-occupied from the late 2nd – 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors II Lingonum equitata (late 2nd century).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

CUMBRIA	Aikton NY3652	Watch tower Britannia XXVII, 1996, p405
	Aldoth NY1348	Watchtower Britannia XXIV, 1993, p286
	Ambleside Galava NY3703	0.8 ha late Flavian fort that was enlarged under Hadrian to 1.2 ha and held, apart from during the reign of Antonine?, until 4th century. Britannia XXI, 1990, p320
	Augill Castle NY8014	Signal station? on road between Maiden Castle and Brough Britannia XX, 1989, p275
	Barron’s Pike NY5975	Signal station, east of Bewcastle fort. Britannia XX, 1989, p275
	Beckfoot Bibra NY0948	1.1 ha Hadrianic fort held to the 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors II Pannoniorum equitata (2nd century?). Frere, S. S. and St. Joseph, J. K., Roman Britain from the air, Cambridge, 1983, pp71-3
	Beckfoot Beach NY0846	Coastal mile fortlet (number 15) on Hadrian’s Wall. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	Bewcastle Fanum Cocidi? NY5674	A 2.4 ha outpost fort for Hadrian’s Wall that may be on the site of an earlier fort. Garrisoned by Cohors I Aelia Dacorum milliaria? (2nd century). Britannia IX, 1978, p474
	Biglands NY2061	Milefortlet, part of the coastal system of Hadrian’s Wall. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	Birdoswold Banna NY6166	Early 2nd century fortlet that was succeeded by a 1.6 ha Hadrian’s Wall fort. Garrisoned by Cohors I Thracum civium Romanorum (early 3rd century), Venatores Bannieuses (3rd century) and Cohors I Aelia Dacorum milliaria (3rd-4th century) Frere, S. S. and St. Joseph, J. K., Roman Britain from the air, Cambridge, 1983, pp69-71
	Bleatarn NY4661	Quarry for Hadrian’s Wall Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p43, 227, 234
	Blennerhasset NY1941	Fort, 3.4 ha Britannia XVIII, 1987, p12
	Blitterlees NY1052	Coastal mile fortlet (number 12) on Hadrian’s Wall
	NY1051	Watch tower, Hadrianic?
		Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	Boomby Lane See Grinsdale
	Boothby NY5463	Early 2nd century fortlet, part of the Stanegate frontier. Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p230
	Bowness-on-Solway Maia NY2262	Hadrian’s Wall fort of 2.8 ha and held, apart from the Antonine advance into Scotland, until 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors I Hispanorum equitata (late 4th century). Potter, T. W. J., Romans in northwest England, Kendal, 1979
	Brackenrigg NY2361	Two marching camps, 1.2 ha and over 3.0 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Brougham Brocavum NY5328	2.0 ha fort, occupied late 1st – 3rd century. Garrisoned by Numerus Equitum Stratonicianorum (3rd century). Higham, N. and Jones, B., The Carvetti, Gloucester, 1985, p64-6
	NY5429	Marching camp, 0.5 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Brough under Stainmore Verteris NY7914	1.1 ha fort, occupied late 1st – 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors VII Thracum (3rd century?) and Numerus Directorum (late 3rd century). Royal Commission on Historical Monuments England, Westmoreland, 1936, p47-8
	Brownrigg NY0538	Coastal fortlet on Hadrian’s Wall tower Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	Burgh-by-Sands Aballava NY3258	Late first century signal station. Succeeded by an early 2nd century 1.6 ha fort, possibly part of the Stanegate frontier.
	NY3158	2.1 ha fort enlarged to 3.4 ha, later than the fort above and part of the Stanegate frontier.
	NY3259	Hadrian’s Wall fort, occupied from the early 2nd – 4th century. Garrisoned by Cuneus Frisionum Aballavensium (early 3rd century), Cohors I Nervia (Nervana?) Germanorum milliaria equitata (3rd century?) and Numerus Maurorum Aurelianorum (3rd century). Milecastle 72 of Hadrian’s Wall Frere, S. S., et al, Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, Oxford, 1987, p13
	Burrow Walls Magis? NY0030	Fort, 4th century? Garrisoned by Cohors I Aelia Classica ? or Numerus Pacensium? Cumberland and Westmoreland Antiquarian and Archaelogical Society (2nd series) LV, 1955, p30-45
	Caermote NY2036	1.47 ha late Flavian fort. Hadrianic or Antonine fortlet of 0.5 ha. Cumberland and Westmoreland Antiquarian and Archaelogical Society (2nd series) LX, 1960, p20-3
	Campfield NY1960	Watch tower (2b) on the coastal section of Hadrian’s Wall close to Bowness on Solway. Britannia XXV, 1994, p261-263
	Cardurnock NY1758	Coastal mile fortlet, 0.2 ha Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	NY1759	Coastal mile fortlet Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	Carleton NY4451	Marching camp, 0.5 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Carlisle Luguvalium NY3956	A timber fort built c72/3AD and demolished c103/5AD . A second timber fort was built shortly after. In turn this was replaced by a stone fort around 165 AD. A second stone fort was built in the late in the 2nd century and held until early 3rd century? Tile stamps from all the British-based legions have been found at Carlisle. Recently discovered writing tablets suggests that the earliest garison could have been Ala Gallorum Sebosiana. Hassall, see below, suggests that Legio VIIII may have been based nearby in the early 120s AD. See also Scalesceugh Britannia XXI, 1990, pp320-2 Britannia XXIX, 1998, pp31-84 Hassall, M., Pre-Hadrianic legionary dispositions in Roman Fortresses and their legions, ed Brewer, London & Cardiff 2000
	Castle Hill see Boothby
	Castlesteads Camboglanna NY5163	Hadrian’s Wall fort of 1.5 ha that was held until the 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Gallorum equitata (2nd century), Cohors I Batavorum equitata (2nd century?) and Cohors II Tungrorum milliaria equitata civium latinorum (3rd century). Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p228-9
	Castrigg NY6722	Watch tower on road between Maiden Castle and Brough Journal of Roman Studies XXXXI, p53
	Coombe Crag NY5965	Quarry for Hadrian’s Wall Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p43, 218
	Crackenthorpe NY6523	Marching camp, 9.3 h, Flavian? Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Dalston NY3853	Fort, 2.4-3.2 ha Britannia XXVII, 1996, p405
	Drumburgh Concavata NY2659	0.8 ha Hadrian’s Wall fort that was replaced circa 160 AD by a smaller fort with a stone wall. Garrisoned by Cohors II Lingonum equitata (4th century). Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p250-1
	Dubmill Point NY0745	Coastal mile fortlet, number 17, on Hadrian’s Wall. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	East Cote NY1155	Fortlet Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	Farnhill NY3057	Watchtower Britannia XXVI, 1995, pp342-3
	Finglandrigg NY2657	Fort, 1.6 ha, part of the western Staingate system? Watchtower Britannia XVIII, 1987, p13
	Galley Gill See Old Penrith
	Gelt NY5258	Quarry for Hadrian’s Wall
	NY5357	Quarry for Hadrian’s Wall Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p42, 227
	Gillalees see Robin Hood’s Butt
	Golden Fleece See Carleton
	Grey Havens NY2362	Marching camp, 0.6 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Grinsdale NY3657	Four marching camps, 0.5 ha, 0.2 ha, 2.3 ha and 1.2 ha Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Hardknott Mediobogdum NY2101	2nd century fort, 1.3 ha that was unoccupied during the Antonine occupation of Scotland. Rebuilt circa 165 AD? Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Delmatarum (early 2nd century?). Garlick, T., Hardknott Castle Roman Fort, Lancaster, 1985
	Heather Bank see Low Mire
	Herd Hill NY1759	Coastal mile fortlet, number 4, on Hadrian’s Wall Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	High Crosby NY4559	Fortlet? on the Stanegate frontier. Britannia XVII, 1986, p383
	NY4560	Two marching camps, 1.0 ha and 9.7 ha Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Johnson’s Plain NY8414	Signal station on road between Maiden Castle and Brough. Britannia XXII, 1991, p235-7
	Kirkandrews NY3458	Watch tower Britannia XXVII (1996) p406
	Kirkbampton NY2657	Watch tower Britannia XXVII (1996) p406
	Kirkbride Briga? NY2357	3 ha Trajanic fort. Part of the Stanegate frontier occupied till circa 120 AD. Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society 2nd series LXXXII, 1982, Carlisle, pp35-50
	Kirkby Thore Bravoniacum NY6325	Flavian fort site, re-occupied early in the 3rd century and maintained until the 4th. Garrisoned by Numerus militum Syrorum sagittariorum (3rd century) and Numerus Defensorum (late 3rd century). Journal of Roman Studies XLVIII, 1958, pp86-7
	NY6225	Three marching camps, 4.8 ha, 1.7 ha and 1.2 ha Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Knockcross See Grey Havens
	Knowe Farm See Old Penrith
	Langwathby Moor NY5733	Marching camp Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Low Borrowbridge NY6001	Flavian fort that was succeeded by Hadrianic fort with stone wall 1.1 ha and occupied until the 4th century. Shotter, D., Romans and Britains in North-West England, Lancaster, 1993
	Low Mire NY0741	Coastal mile fortlet, number 20, on Hadrian’s Wall. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	Maiden Castle NY8713	0.2 ha, fortlet, occupied from the late 2nd to the 4th century. Farrar, R. A. H., in Hanson and Keppie, Roman Frontier Studies 1979, Oxford 1980, pp220-1
	Mains Rigg NY6165	Stone signal station between Nether Denton and Throp. Part of the Stanegate frontier. Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p208-9
	Maryport Alauna NY0337	Fort (occupied from the early 2nd – 4th century) that was part of the coastal system of Hadrian’s Wall. Garrisoned by Cohors I Aelia Hispanorum milliaria equitata (early 2nd century century), Cohors I Delmatarum equitata (mid 2nd century), Cohors I Baetasiorum civium Romanorum ob virtutem et fidem (late 2nd century) and Cohors II Nerviorum (4th century). Jarrett, M. G., Maryport, Cumbria: A Roman fort and its garrison, Kendall, 1976
	Mawbray NY0847	Coastal fortlet on Hadrian’s Wall Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	Moresby Gabrosentum? NX9821	Fort, 1.5 ha occupied from the late Hadrianic – 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors II Lingonum equitata (2nd century) and Cohors II Thracum equitata (3rd-4th century). Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p281-3
	Moss Side See High Crosby
	Netherby Castra Exploratum NY3971	Outpost fort for Hadrian’s Wall. Abandoned before Bewcastle and the eastern outposts. Garrisoned by Cohors I Nervia (or Nervana) Germanorum milliaria equitata (3rd century?), Cohors I Aelia Hispanorum milliaria equitata (3rd century) and Numerus Exploratorum (early – mid 4th century). Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p311-4
	Nether Denton NY5964	Flavian fort, 2.8 ha, reduced to 1.8 ha and rebuilt in stone under Trajan? when it may have formed part of the Stanegate frontier. Replaced by a fortlet under Hadrian? Jones, G. D. B., The emergence of the Tyne-Solway frontier in Maxfield and Dobson (eds) Roman Frontier Studies 1989, Exeter, 1991, pp98-107
	Nowtler Hill See Grinsdale
	Old Carlisle Maglona NY2646	Fort of 1.8 ha. Garrisoned by Ala Augusta Gallorum Proculeiana(late 2nd – mid 3rd century) and ?Numerus Solensium (late 4th century). Ala Augusta ob virtutem appellata which is also recorded here may be a synonym for Ala Augusta Gallorum as the fort was only large enough for one quingenary unit. Higham, N. and Jones, B., The Carvetii, Gloucester, 1985, pp60-2
	Old Church NY5162	1.5 ha fort Trajanic? on the Stanegate frontier? Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, pp230-2
	Old Penrith Voreda NY4938	Late 1st century fort that was unoccupied circa 120 – 160 AD?, but then held until the late 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors II Gallorum equitata (3rd century), ?Vexillatio Voredensium (3rd century) and ?Vexillatio Marsacorum (3rd century). Higham, N. and Jones, B., The Carvetii, Gloucester, 1985 Marching camp 1.6 ha (Galley Gill) Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	NY4839	Marching camp, 1.6 ha (Knowe Farm) Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Papcastle Derventio NY1031	Late 1st or early 2nd century fort. It had a stone wall added in 2nd century and was held until 3rd century. A late 4th century fort of 2.8 ha was built on same site. Garrisoned by Cuneus Frisionum Aballavensium (mid 3rd century). Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society 2nd series LXV, 1965, Carlisle, pp102-14
	Pasture House NY1860	Coastal mile fortlet on Hadrian’s Wall Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	Plumpton Head NY4935	Marching camp 9.5 ha, Flavian? the camp is an irregular shape and includes a incurved section to avoid boggy ground. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Punch Bowl NY8214	Signal station on road between Maiden Castle and Brough. Britannia VII, 1976, p312
	Raise Howe see Aldoth
	Ravenglass Glannoventa SD0895	Hadrianic fortlet succeeded by a Hadrianic fort of 1.5 ha. This was rebuilt early 2nd century. Rebuilt again late 4th century and held until beginning of the 5th century. Garrisoned by Cohors I Morinorum et Cersiacorum (4th century) Potter, T. W. J., Romans in northwest England, Kendall, 1979
	Risehow NY0234	Coastal mile fortlet on Hadrian’s Wall. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	Robin Hood’s Butt NY5771	Signal station close to Bewcastle fort. Southern, P., Signals versus Illumination on Roman frontiers, Britannia XXI, 1990, p233
	Sandford See Warcop
	Scalesceugh NY4449	Tile works and pottery of late 1st – early 2nd century date. Operated by Legio IX Hispana. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman tileries at Scalesceugh and Brampton, Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmoreland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society (2nd series) 71, pp35-44
	Silloth see Beckfoot
	Skinburness NY1356	Coastal mile fortlet on Hadrian’s Wall Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	Stanwix Uxelodunum NY4057	4.0 ha fort on Hadrian’s Wall that was held until the 4th century. Garrisoned by Ala Augusta Gallorum Petriana milliaria civium Romanorum bis torquata (2nd – 4th century), the only milliaria ala in the British garrison and the most powerful unit on the wall. Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, pp236-9
	Steadfolds See Watchclose
	Swarthy Hill NY0640	Coastal mile fortlet, number 21, on Hadrian’s Wall occupied in the first half of 2nd century. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	Troutbeck NY3827	1.5 ha fort and 0.7 ha fortlet. Frere, S. S. and St Joseph, J. K., Roman Britain from the air, Cambridge, 1983 Two marching camps, 9.7 ha Flavian? and 0.6 ha
	NY3727	Marching camp 4.0 ha Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Upper Denton See Mains Rigg
	Warcop NY7416	Marching camp Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Watchclose NY4760	Marching camp, 0.5 ha Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Watchcross See Watchclose
	Watercrook Alauna SD5190	1.5 ha Flavian fort; held until mid – 2nd century and until 4th century? Potter, T. W. J., The Romans in northwest England, Kendal, 1979
	Wetheral NY4653	Quarry (Triassic sandstone) for Hadrian’s Wall Johnson, G. A. L., Geology of Hadrian’s Wall: Geologists’ Association Guide 59, London, 1997
	Willowford NY6266	Bridge carrying Hadrian’s Wall over the river Irthing Marching camp, 0.8 ha Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Wolsty North NY0950	Watch tower on the coastal section of Hadrian’s Wall. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	Wolsty South NY0950	Watch tower on the coastal section of Hadrian’s Wall. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
	Wreay NY4449	1.3 ha fort Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmoreland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society (2nd series) LIV, 1954, pp9-16
	NY4448	Fortlet or signal tower, 4th century? Marching camp, 0.4 ha Farrar, R. A. H., in Hanson, W. S. and Keppie, L. J. F., (eds) Roman Frontier Studies, Oxford, 1971, pp213-5

DARLINGTON	Piercebridge Morbium? NZ2115	4.6 ha fort of late 3rd – 4th century date. Garrisoned by Equites Catafractarii? (4th century). Although the fort was built about 260 AD the vicus is older, but no sign has yet been found of an earlier, Flavian?, fort. Britannia XIV, 1983, pp292-3

DONCASTER	Burghwallis SE5112	Three forts of late 1st – 2nd century date.Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Doncaster Danum SE5703	A Flavian fort (2.6 ha) abandoned circa 120 AD.Followed by a 2.4 ha fort, built mid 2nd century. The final fort, 2.4 ha, dates from the late 3rd – 4th century. Garrisoned by Equites Crispiani (late 4th century). Buckland, P. C., Roman South Yorkshire: a source book, Sheffield, 1986
	Rossington SK6399	Small fortress (9.3 ha), Flavian or earlier.Buckland, P. C., Roman South Yorkshire: a source book, Sheffield, 1986

DURHAM	Binchester Vinovium NZ2131	3.8 ha Flavian fort that was occupied apart from part of the 2nd century till the 4th. Garrisoned by Ala Hispanorum Vettonum civium Romanorum (late 2nd – early 3rd century?) and Cuneus Frisiorum Vinoviensium (3rd century). Hanson and Keppie, Roman Frontier Studies 1979, Oxford 1980, pp233-54
	Bowes Lavatris NY9913	Flavian fort, 1.7 ha. The site was occupied again from mid 2nd until the 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Breucorum (2nd century), Cohors I Thracum equitata (3rd century) and Numerus Exploratum (late 4th century). Journal of Roman Studies LVIII, 1968, pp179-81
	Bowes Moor NY9212	Signal station, occupied late 3rd – 4th century. Farrar, R. A. H., in Hanson and Keppie, Roman Frontier Studies 1979, Oxford 1980, pp220-3 Small marching camp, contemporary with the signal station? Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Chester-le-Street Concangis NZ2751	Mid to late 2nd century timber fort that was succeeded by a stone fort during the 3rd century and occupied until the 4th. Garrisoned by Numerus Concangiensium? (3rd century?) and Numerus Vigilum (4th century?). Bishop Archaeologia Aeliana XXI, 1993, pp29-85
	Ebchester Vindomora NZ1055	Flavian fort of 1.6 ha that was occupied until the 4th century, but with a gap in occupation from circa 140-160AD. Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Breucorum (3rd century). Archaeologia Aeliana XLII, 1964, pp179-80
	Greta Bridge Morbium? NZ0813	Antonine (?) fort that was occupied until the 4th century. Britannia XXIX, 1998, pp111-184
	Lanchester Longovicium NZ1546	Fort, 2.5 ha that was occupied from the late 2nd century and again from mid 3rd – 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors I fida Vardullorum milliaria equitata civium Romanorum (late 2nd century), Cohors I Lingonum equitata (3rd century), Vexillatio Sueborum Longovcianorum (mid 3rd century) and Numerus Longovicianorum. Journal of Roman Studies XXVIII, 1938, pp177-8 (plan, plate xvii)
	Rey Cross NY9012	8.1 ha marching camp, Flavian? with 11 titulu. Large enough to have accomodated a legion with auxiliaries. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Roper Castle NY8811	Signal station. Farrar, R. A. H., in Hanson and Keppie, Roman Frontier Studies 1979, Oxford 1980, pp220-2
	Sandforth Moor NZ2021	Marching camp, 0.8 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Scargill Moor NY9910	Shrines and altar associated with the fort at Bowes.
	Vale House NY9412	Signal station? Farrar, R. A. H., in Hanson and Keppie, Roman Frontier Studies 1979, Oxford 1980, pp224-5

GATESHEAD	Whickham NZ2160	Flavian earth and timber fort with several occupation periods.Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Washing Well See Whickham

KIRKLEES	Grimescar SE1319	Tile kilns operated by Cohors IIII Breucorum. Tiles made here found at Slack and Castleshaw.Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Slack Camulodunum SE0817	Flavian fort, 1.5 ha, abandoned circa 140 AD. Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Breucorum (early 2nd?).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

LANCASHIRE	Castlehows See Low Burrow Bridge
LANCASHIRE	Burrow in Lonsdale Calacum SD6175	1.9 ha fort, occupied from the Flavian period until – early 2nd century. In the 3rd century a stone fort was built and occupied until mid 4th century. Shotter, D. and White, A., The Romans in Lunesdale, Lancaster 1995
	Kirkham SD4332	Flavian fort that was abandoned early in the 2nd century. Shotter, D., Romans and Britons in North-West England, Lancaster 1993
	Lancaster SD4761	Flavian fort that received a stone wall in the Trajanic period. The site was unoccupied from the mid 2nd – 3rd century? A stone fort of typical late design was built during the 4th century. Garrisoned by Ala Augusta Gallorum Proculeiana, (late 1st), Ala Gallorum Sebosiana (3rd century) and Numerus Barcariorum (4th century). Shotter, D. and White, A., The Romans in Lunesdale, Lancaster 1995
	Low Burrow Bridge NY6001	Fort founded in the Flavian period that may have been reconstructed in the late 1st or early 2nd century. The site was occupied until the late 4th century. Shotter, D. and White, A., The Romans in Lunesdale, Lancaster 1995
	Overburrow See Burrow in Lonsdale
	Ribchester Bremetenacum Veteranorum SD6434	Early Flavian fort that was succeeded by a 2.7 ha timber late Flavian fort. This was in turn succeeded by a stone fort early in the 2nd century that remained in use into the 4th century. Garrisoned by Ala II Asturum (late 1st-2nd century?), Numerus equitatum Sarmatarum (2nd-3rd century?) and Cuneus Sarmatarum (3rd-4th century). Shotter, D. Romans and Britons in North-West England, Lancaster 1993
	Walton-le-Dale SD5528	Supply base and industrial site from the late 1st century into the early 2nd century. Shotter, D. Romans and Britons in North-West England, Lancaster 1993, p21

LEEDS	Adel SE2741	Fort?Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

NORTH LINCOLNSHIRE	Kirmington TA0511	3.4 ha fort Britannia VIII, 1977, pp189-91

MANCHESTER	Manchester Mamucium SJ8397	1.6 ha Flavian fort. The site was re-occupied from late 2nd – 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors III Bracaraugustanorum (early 2nd?), and Cohors I Frisiavonum (early 2nd?). Shotter, D. Romans and Britons in North-West England, Lancaster 1993

NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE	Benwall Condercum NZ2164	Hadrian’s Wall fort (2.3 ha). Garrisoned by Cohors I Vangionum milliaria equitata (late 2nd century) and Ala I Hispanorum Asturum (late 2nd – 4th).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Newcastle upon Tyne Pons Aelius NZ2563	Fort of unknown size guarding the bridge over the Tyne, may have predated Hadrian’s Wall. Garrisoned by Cohors I Thracum equitata (2nd century?), Cohors I Ulpia Traiana Cugernorum civium Romanorum (early 3rd century) and Cohors I Cornoviorum (4th century).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	East Denton NZ1965	Hadrian’s Wall turret (no 7b).Breeze & Dobson, Hadrian’s Wall, London 1991

NORTHUMBERLAND	Barcombe NY7765	Watch tower?
	NY7866	Watch tower. Quarry (Carboniferous sandstone) for Hadrian’s Wall. Johnson, G. A. L., Geology of Hadrian’s Wall: Geologists’ Association Guide 59, London, 1997
	Bagraw NY8496	Marching camp with annex or two camps, 7.7 ha in total. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Bean Burn See Seatsides
	Bellshiel NY8199	16.0 ha marching camp, Flavian? Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Birdhope NY8298	Three marching camps, 12.3 ha Flavian?, 3.1 ha and 2.1 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Bishop Rigg see Corbridge – Red House
	Blakehope NY8594	Marching camp? 6.2 ha, succeeded? by 1.5 ha fort.
	Brown Dikes NY8370	Marching camp, 0.4 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Burnhead NY7066	Marching camp, 3.5 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Carham NT7937	Marching camp? Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Carrawburgh Brocolitia NY8571	Hadrian’s Wall fort, 1.5 ha. Garrisoned by Cohors I Aquitanorum equitata (early 2nd century), Cohors II Nerviorum civium Romanorum (2nd century?), Cohors I Ulpia Traiana Cugernorum civium Romanorum (late 2nd century?) and Cohors I Batavorum equitata (3rd-4th century). Mithreum Frere, S. S., et al, Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, Oxford, 1987
	Carvoran Magnis NY6665	Stanegate frontier fort that was succeeded by a Hadrian’s Wall fort (1.5 ha) and held until 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors I Hamiorum sagittariorum (early 2nd century, late 2nd century), Cohors I Batavorum equitata (2nd century?) and Cohors II Delmatarum equitata (3rd-4th century).Frere, S. S., et al, Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, Oxford, 1987
	Cawfields NY7166	Hadrian’s Wall milecastle, early 2nd century. Marching camp, 0.6 ha. See also Chesters Pike and Burnhead temporary camps. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Chapel Rigg NY6465	Marching camp, 0.6 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Chesterholm Vindolanda NY7766	Timber fort, 1.4 ha, built late 80s AD and garrisoned by elements of Cohors I Tungrorum, which may have been enlarged to a milliaria cohort during this period. This fort was followed by another timber fort built late 80s early 90s AD and garrisoned by Cohors VIIII Batavorum. A third timber fort, 3.2 ha, was built circa 95-105 AD and garrisoned by Cohors VIIII Batavorum now milliaria equitata with elements of Cohors III Batavorum milliaria equitata (the Batavians were replaced by Cohors I Tungrorum milliaria circa 105 AD – mid 2nd century). Also present in the early 120s AD were the cavalry element of Cohors I fida Vardullorum equitata civium Romanorum and possibly legionaries. This fort was replaced by a stone one, 1.6 ha, built circa 120 AD. Cohors II Nerviorum civium Romanorum is recorded here during the 2nd century but may not have been the garrison. A second stone fort, 1.4 ha, was built circa 230 AD and garrisoned by Cohors IIII Gallorum equitata (3rd-4th century). Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987 NB. The continuing work at Chesterholm makes providing a reference that easily expands this gazetteer entry difficult.
	Chesters Cilurnum NY9170	Hadrian’s Wall fort (2.3 ha) garrisoned by Ala Augusta ob virtutem appellata (early 2nd), Cohors I Vangionum milliaria equitata (late 2nd century?), Cohors I Delmatarum equitata (late 2nd?) and Ala II Austurum (late 2nd – 4th).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Chesters Pike NY7067	Marching camp, 0.5 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Chew Green NT7808	Two marching camps, fort and two? fortlets, on Dere Street as it climbs over the Cheviots. The chronology is unclear, a possible sequence is marching camp 7.7 ha, fortlet? 0.3 ha? Flavian?, fort 2.6 ha Flavian?, marching camp 5.5 ha, fortlet 0.4 ha Antonine? Frere, S., S., and St Joseph, J., K., Roman Britain from the air, Cambridge, 1983
	Coesike NY8170	Three marching camps, 0.2 ha, 0.1 ha? and 0.2 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Corbridge Coria? Corstopitum? NY9864	Fort built circa 90 AD and occupied until the mid 2nd century. The garrison may have included elements of Cohors I Tungrorum. A late 1st century gravestone of a trooper of Ala Augusta Gallorum Petriana milliaria civium Romanorum bis torquata was found at Corbridge;. The fort was succeeded by an industrial complex, mid 2nd – early 3rd century, manned by vexilations of Legio VI Victrix and Legio II Augusta. Gillam Archaeologia Aeliana (1977) pp47-74
	Corbridge – Red House NY9765	Flavian vexillation fortress? The base for Agricola’s advance into Scotland? Garrisoned by Legio VIIII Hispana?
	NY9665	Marching camp,1.0 ha; later than the fortress. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Crooks NY6365	Marching camp, 0.9 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Dargues NY8693	Marching camp, 5.9 ha Flavian? Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	East Learmouth NT8736	Marching camp, 13.6 ha Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Fallowfield Fell NY9368	Quarry (Upper Carboniferous sandstone) for Hadrian’s Wall. Johnson, G. A. L., Geology of Hadrian’s Wall: Geologists’ Association Guide 59, London, 1997
	Farnley NY9963	Three marching camps, one 1.6 ha the other two of unknown size. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Featherwood East NT8205	Marching camp, 15.9 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Featherwood West NT8105	Marching camp, 15.6 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Fell End NY6865	Marching camp, 8.7 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Four Laws NY9082	Two marching camps , 2.4 ha and 0.3 ha Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Glenwhelt Leazes NY6565	Marching camp, 1.2 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Great Chesters Aesica NY7066	Hadrian’s Wall fort, 1.4 ha. Garrisoned by Cohors VI Nerviorum (early 2nd century), Cohors VI Raetorum (mid 2nd century), Cohors II Asturum equitata (3rd century), Vexillatio Gaesatorum Raetorum (3rd century) and Cohors I Asturum equitata (4th century). See Burnhead, Cawfields and Chesters Pike for marching camps. Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Greenlee Lough NY7769	Marching camp, 1.4 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995 Quarry (Lower Carboniferous sandstone) for Hadrian’s Wall Johnson, G. A. L., Geology of Hadrian’s Wall: Geologists’ Association Guide 59, London, 1997
	Grindon Hill NY8267	Marching camp, 0.1 h. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Grindon School NY8169	Very small marching camp. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Halton Chesters Onnum NY9968	Hadrian’s Wall fort, 1.7 ha that was enlarged to 1.9 ha in the 3rd century. Garrisoned by Ala I Pannoniorum Sabiniana (3rd – 4th century). Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Haltwhistle NY6965	Two marching camps, 0.4 ha and 0.6 ha.
	NY7065	Very small marching camp. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Haltwhistle Burn NY7166	Trajanic fortlet, 0.3 ha. Part of the Stanegate frontier Four temporary camps, 1.0 ha, 0.7 ha, 0.3 ha and the fourth tiny. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995 Quarry for Hadrian’s Wall
	Haltwhistle Common See Markham Cottage
	High Rochester Bremenium NY8398	2 ha Flavian fort that was rebuilt as an outpost fort for Hadrian’s Wall in the mid 2nd century and held until mid 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors I Linngonum equitata (mid 2nd century), Cohors I Aelia Dacorum milliaria (late 2nd century?) and Cohors I Delmatarum equitata (late 2nd century?). Several marching camps, see Birdhope, Sills Burn, Silloans and Bellshiel Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Horsley See Bagraw
	Housesteads Vercovicium NY7968	Hadrian’s Wall fort of 2.1 ha. Garrisoned by Cohors I Tungrorum milliaria (3rd century), Cuneus Frisiorum Vercoviciensium (early 3rd century) and Numerus Hnaudifridi (3rd century).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Lady Shield See Grindon Hill and Grindon School
	Learchild Alauna NU1011	Flavian fort, enlarged in the 2nd centuryFrere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Learmouth See East Learmouth
	Lees Hall NY7065	Temporary camp with an outerwork or a fort with internal clavicula, 4.2 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Limestone Corner NY8771	Marching camp, 0.2 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Longshaws NZ1388	Fortlets?Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Markham Cottage NY7066	Two marching camps 16.8 ha and 3.4 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Milestone House NY7266	Unusually long and thin marching camp, 7 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Mindrum NT8433	Marching camp. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Newbrough NY8668	4th century fortlet, 0.3 ha.
	NY8767	Fort, part of the Stanegate frontier? Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Norham NT8845	Marching camp, 0.5 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	North Yardhope See Yardhope
	Peasteel Crags See Fell End
	Queen’s Crags NY7970	Quarry (Lower Carboniferous sandstone) for Hadrian’s Wall Johnson, G. A. L., Geology of Hadrian’s Wall: Geologists’ Association Guide 59, London, 1997
	Risingham Habitancum NY8986	An outpost fort, 1.8 ha, for Hadrian’s Wall built mid 2nd century and unoccupied in the late 2nd century. It was rebuilt early 3rd century and occupied until the mid 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Gallorum equitata (late 2nd century), Cohors I Vangionum milliaria equitata (3rd century) and Numerus Exploratorum habitancensium (3rd-4th century), Vexillatio Raetorum Gaesa. Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Rudchester Vindobala NZ1167	Hadrian’s Wall fort that was rebuilt early 3rd century and at least partly unoccupied during late 3rd century. Held until the 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors I Frisiavonum (Frixagorum) (3rd-4th century).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Seatsides NY7566	Four marching and practice camps?, 6.7 ha, 3.4 ha, 0.3 ha and 0.04ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Silloans NT8200	Marching camp, 18.4 ha, Flavian? Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Sills Burn North NT8200	Marching camp, 2.1 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Sills Burn South NY8299	Marching camp, 1.8 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Sunny Rig See Haltwhistle
	Swine Hill See Four Laws
	Thorngrafton Common see Barcombe
	Throp NY6365	Trajanic fortlet, part of the Stanegate frontier. The site was re-occupied in the 4th century.Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Twice Brewed See Seatsides
	Walwick Fell NY8870	Marching camp, 0.5 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	West Woodburn NY8987	Marching camp, about 11.0 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Whitley Castle Epiacum NY6948	1.2 ha fort, occupied from 2nd – 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors II Nerviorum civium Romanorum (3rd century).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Written Crag see Fallowfield Fell
	Yardhope NT9000	2.0 ha marching camp. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995

OLDHAM	Castleshaw Rigodunum SD9909	Late Flavian fort, of 1.3 ha. This was ucceeded by a fortlet (0.3 ha) of Trajanic date. Tiles stamped Cohors IIII Breucorum (see Slack, West Yorkshire) suggest it provided the garrison for the fortlet. Shotter, D. Romans and Britons in North-West England, Lancaster 1993

REDCAR AND CLEVELAND	Huntcliff NZ6821	Late 4th century coastal watch tower. One of a group that includes Filey, Ravenscar Goldsborough, and Scarborough (North Yorkshire). Wilson, P., Aspects of the Yorkshire signal stations in Maxfield and Dobson (eds) Roman Frontier Studies 1989, Exeter, 1991, pp124-147

EAST RIDING	Brough-on-Humber Petuaria SE932	Marching camp Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995 1.8 ha Flavian fort that was maintained as a stores base until the early 2nd century. Garrisoned at some time? by Numerus Supervenientium Petueriensium a unit recorded at Malton in the late 4th century. Naval base? Wacher, J. S., Excavations at Brough on Humber 1958-61, London, 1969
	Hayton SE8145	Flavian fort, 1.5 ha Johnson Britannia IX (1978) p57-114

ROTHERHAM	Templeborough SK4191	A timber fort, 2.6 ha, built circa 55 AD.Succeeded by a Trajanic fort of 2.1 ha that had a stone wall. It was held until circa 180 AD. A second stone fort, 1.8 ha was possibly held until mid 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Gallorum equitata (early 2nd century) Buckland, P. C., Roman South Yorkshire: a source book, Sheffield, 1986

SUNDERLAND	Wearmouth Dictum? NZ4057	4th century fort?Dictum is recorded in the Notitia Dignatatum and should lie close to Wearmouth, although no fort has been found. Rivet, A. L. F., and Smith, C., The Place names of Roman Britain, Batsford, 1981

NORTH TYNE	Wallsend Segedunum NZ3066	Eastern terminal fort, 1.7 ha, of Hadrian’s Wall. Garrisoned by Cohors II Nerviorum civium Romanorum? (2nd century?) and Cohors IIII Lingonum equitata (3rd-4th century).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

SOUTH TYNE	South Shields Arbeia NZ3667	Two periods of wooden buildings, extending back to the Flavian period? A stone fort was built around 160 AD as a late addition to Hadrian’s Wall. During Severus’s reign it was expanded and changed its role to a stores base (with 22 granaries) to support operations in the northern Britain. Around 220 AD it was re-organised as a more conventional fort and occupied until the 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors V Gallorum (3rd century) and Numerus Barcariorum Tigrisensium (4th century). Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

WAKEFIELD	Castleford Lagentium SE4225	Fort, early Flavian of unknown size, but larger than its successor.Succeeded by a fort, 3.2 ha, in the period 80 – 90 AD. Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Gallorum equitata (early 2nd century). Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

YORK	Bootham Stray SE5954	Two temporary camps now visible (18th Century reports are of eight camps), 0.9 ha and 1.1 ha, training site for the legions based at York?Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	York Eburacum SE6052	Legionary fortress, 20.2 ha, built circa 70 AD by Legio VIIII Hispana.Legio VI Victrix replaced them circa 120 AD. Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

NORTH YORKSHIRE	Aldborough SE4066	Fort? Flavian?Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Bainbridge Virosidum? SD9390	Flavian fort or fortlet; succeeded by a fort, 1.1 ha built circa 100 AD. The site was unoccupied 140 – 160 AD. The fort was rebuilt circa 200 AD. Garrisoned by Cohors VI Nerviorum (3rd-4th century).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Brompton on Swale SE2299	Stores base? on the opposite bank of the Swale from CatterickFrere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Breckenbrough SE3783	Marching campWelfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Buttercrambe Moor SE7156	Temporary camp Horne, P. and Lawton, I., Britannia XXIX, 1998 pp327-329
	Carkin Moor NZ1608	Fort, 1.0 haWelfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Catterick Cataractonium SE2299	Flavian? fort. The site was re-occupied from the mid 2nd- 4th century. See also Brompton on Swale.Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	SE2399	Marching campWelfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Cawthorn SE7890	Two forts one late 1st century? Temporary camp Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Eggborough SE5857	Fort?Britannia XXX, 1999, pp340-1
	Elslack Olenacum? SD9249	Flavian fort, 1.3 ha that was occupied until c 120 AD and again around 150 AD. A 2.2 ha fort was built in the 4th century that was garrisoned by Ala Herculea.Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Filey TA1281	Late 4th century coastal watch tower. One of a group that includes Goldsborough, Ravenscar, Scarborough and Huntcliffe. Wilson, P., Aspects of the Yorkshire signal stations in Maxfield and Dobson (eds) Roman Frontier Studies 1989, Exeter, 1991, pp124-147
	Goldsborough NZ8315	Late 4th century coastal watch tower. One of a group that includes Filey, Ravenscar, Scarborough and Huntcliffe. Wilson, P., Aspects of the Yorkshire signal stations in Maxfield and Dobson (eds) Roman Frontier Studies 1989, Exeter, 1991, pp124-147
	Healam Bridge SE3283	Fort? Flavian?Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Lease Rigg NZ8104	Flavian fort, 1.1 ha. It was abandoned circa 120 AD.Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Long Preston SD8358	Fort?Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Malham SD9165	Flavian marching camp (8.2 ha). Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Malton Derventio SE7971	Early Flavian small fortress (?) of circa 8.9 ha. A late Flavian fort, 3.4 h succeeded it and was held until circa 120 AD and again from circa 160 AD. The fort was reconstructed in the 3rd century. Garrisoned by Ala Gallorum Picentiana (late 2nd century) and Numerus Supervenientium Petueriensium (late 4th century). Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
	Newton Kyme Praesidivm? SE4545	Two Flavian forts, of circa 1.3 ha and 4.0 ha Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
		Two possible temporary camps, one overlain by the fort is at least 7.5 ha.Boutwood, Britannia XXVII, pp340-3 (1996)
	Ravenscar NZ9801	Late 4th century coastal watch tower. One of a group that includes Filey, Scarborough, Goldsborough and Huntcliffe. Wilson, P., Aspects of the Yorkshire signal stations in Maxfield and Dobson (eds) Roman Frontier Studies 1989, Exeter, 1991, pp124-147
	Roall SE5625	1.3 ha Flavian fortBritannia XXIV (1993) pp243-7
	Roecliffe SE3866	Early? Flavian fort, 2.5 ha Britannia XXV (1994) pp265-6
	Scarborough TA0589	Late 4th century coastal watch tower. One of a group that includes Filey, Ravenscar, Goldsborough and Huntcliffe. Wilson, P., Aspects of the Yorkshire signal stations in Maxfield and Dobson (eds) Roman Frontier Studies 1989, Exeter, 1991, pp124-147
	Wath SE6774	Marching camp, 4.9 haWelfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
	Wensley SE0889	A Flavian fort, 1.2 haFrere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

Roman Military sites in Northern England

Roman Military sites in Northern England

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