Roman Military sites in Northern England

Roman Military sites in Northern England

English names, Roman names where known, four figure map reference, site type, size, and history, including garrisons and associated military units. Where there is uncertainty over identification of an element a ? is used after the element: a ? before a Roman name means that the form of the name is uncertain, but that it is linked to that site.

The Gazetteer is organised by Counties, preceded by summaries of groups of sites: frontiers or industrial areas.

BradfordCumbriaDarlingtonDoncasterDurhamGatesheadKirkleesLancashireLeedsNorth LincolnshireManchesterNewcastle upon TyneNorthumberlandOldhamRedcar and ClevelandRotherhamEast RidingSunderlandNorth TyneSouth TyneWakefieldYorkNorth Yorkshire

FRONTIERS Stanegate Frontier
The Stanegate Frontier is a suggested late first century system based on an earlier road. The Stanegate (not its Roman name) road was built c 80 AD from Carlisle to Corbridge. There were forts approximately every 22 km (Carlisle, Nether Denton, Chesterholm, Corbridge and Whickham). Around 100 AD, following the withdrawal from Scotland, the road and its forts formed the frontier of the Province. Extra forts (Old Church, Burgh-by-Sands, Carvoran and Newbrough) and fortlets were added. There may have been defences on the Cumbrian coast. See Cumbria and Northumberland for details.

Jones, G. D. B., The emergence of the Tyne – Solway frontier in Maxfield and Dobson (eds) Roman Frontier Studies 1989, Exeter, 1991, pp98-107

Hadrian’s Wall
118 km long and built c 122 – 130 AD. The Wall was originally intended to be stone from Newcastle to the River Irthing and then turf to the Solway. It had mile castles every Roman mile and two turrets between each mile castle. The Wall garrison was to have been based in forts on the Stanegate. During Hadrian’s reign 12 forts were added at c 11 km intervals (Wallsend, Benwall, Rudchester, Halton Chesters, Chesters, Housesteads, Great Chesters, Birdoswold, Castlesteads, Stanwix, Burgh-by-Sands and Bowness) to house the garrison on the Wall. Later in Hadrian’s reign three further forts were added (Carrawburgh, Carvoran and Drumburgh).

The last section of turf wall was rebuilt in stone c 160 AD.

Forts and the Wall were reconstructed under Septimus Severus (early 3rd century), Constantius (early 4th century) and Theodosius (c 367 AD).

The Wall was not occupied during the Antonine advances into Scotland.

There were outpost forts at Birrens, Netherby, Bewcastle, High Rochester and Risingham and the frontier extended as a palisade, turrets and mile castles 42 km down the Cumbria coast, where there were also forts (Beckfoot, Maryport and Moresby). See Cumbria and Northumberland for details, but note that only visible turrets and milecastles have been included in the gazetteer.

Breeze & Dobson, Hadrian’s Wall, London 1991

Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989

Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978

BRADFORD
Ilkley
Verbeia
SE1147
Flavian fort, abandoned early in the 2nd century. The 1.3 ha site was re-occupied from the late 2nd – 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors II Lingonum equitata (late 2nd century).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
CUMBRIA
Aikton
NY3652
Watch tower Britannia XXVII, 1996, p405
Aldoth
NY1348
Watchtower Britannia XXIV, 1993, p286
Ambleside
Galava
NY3703
0.8 ha late Flavian fort that was enlarged under Hadrian to 1.2 ha and held, apart from during the reign of Antonine?, until 4th century. Britannia XXI, 1990, p320
Augill Castle
NY8014
Signal station? on road between Maiden Castle and Brough Britannia XX, 1989, p275
Barron’s Pike
NY5975
Signal station, east of Bewcastle fort. Britannia XX, 1989, p275
Beckfoot
Bibra
NY0948
1.1 ha Hadrianic fort held to the 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors II Pannoniorum equitata (2nd century?). Frere, S. S. and St. Joseph, J. K., Roman Britain from the air, Cambridge, 1983, pp71-3
Beckfoot Beach
NY0846
Coastal mile fortlet (number 15) on Hadrian’s Wall. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
Bewcastle
Fanum Cocidi?
NY5674
A 2.4 ha outpost fort for Hadrian’s Wall that may be on the site of an earlier fort. Garrisoned by Cohors I Aelia Dacorum milliaria? (2nd century). Britannia IX, 1978, p474
Biglands
NY2061
Milefortlet, part of the coastal system of Hadrian’s Wall. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
Birdoswold
Banna
NY6166
Early 2nd century fortlet that was succeeded by a 1.6 ha Hadrian’s Wall fort. Garrisoned by Cohors I Thracum civium Romanorum (early 3rd century), Venatores Bannieuses (3rd century) and Cohors I Aelia Dacorum milliaria (3rd-4th century) Frere, S. S. and St. Joseph, J. K., Roman Britain from the air, Cambridge, 1983, pp69-71
Bleatarn
NY4661
Quarry for Hadrian’s Wall Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p43, 227, 234
Blennerhasset
NY1941
Fort, 3.4 ha Britannia XVIII, 1987, p12
Blitterlees
NY1052
Coastal mile fortlet (number 12) on Hadrian’s Wall
NY1051 Watch tower, Hadrianic?
Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
Boomby Lane
See Grinsdale
Boothby
NY5463
Early 2nd century fortlet, part of the Stanegate frontier. Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p230
Bowness-on-Solway
Maia
NY2262
Hadrian’s Wall fort of 2.8 ha and held, apart from the Antonine advance into Scotland, until 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors I Hispanorum equitata (late 4th century). Potter, T. W. J., Romans in northwest England, Kendal, 1979
Brackenrigg
NY2361
Two marching camps, 1.2 ha and over 3.0 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Brougham
Brocavum
NY5328
2.0 ha fort, occupied late 1st – 3rd century. Garrisoned by Numerus Equitum Stratonicianorum (3rd century). Higham, N. and Jones, B., The Carvetti, Gloucester, 1985, p64-6
NY5429 Marching camp, 0.5 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Brough under Stainmore
Verteris
NY7914
1.1 ha fort, occupied late 1st – 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors VII Thracum (3rd century?) and Numerus Directorum (late 3rd century). Royal Commission on Historical Monuments England, Westmoreland, 1936, p47-8
Brownrigg
NY0538
Coastal fortlet on Hadrian’s Wall tower Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
Burgh-by-Sands
Aballava
NY3258
Late first century signal station. Succeeded by an early 2nd century 1.6 ha fort, possibly part of the Stanegate frontier.
NY3158 2.1 ha fort enlarged to 3.4 ha, later than the fort above and part of the Stanegate frontier.
NY3259 Hadrian’s Wall fort, occupied from the early 2nd – 4th century. Garrisoned by Cuneus Frisionum Aballavensium (early 3rd century), Cohors I Nervia (Nervana?) Germanorum milliaria equitata (3rd century?) and Numerus Maurorum Aurelianorum (3rd century). Milecastle 72 of Hadrian’s Wall

Frere, S. S., et al, Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, Oxford, 1987, p13

Burrow Walls
Magis?
NY0030
Fort, 4th century? Garrisoned by Cohors I Aelia Classica ? or Numerus Pacensium? Cumberland and Westmoreland Antiquarian and Archaelogical Society (2nd series) LV, 1955, p30-45

 

Caermote
NY2036
1.47 ha late Flavian fort. Hadrianic or Antonine fortlet of 0.5 ha.

Cumberland and Westmoreland Antiquarian and Archaelogical Society (2nd series) LX, 1960, p20-3

Campfield
NY1960
Watch tower (2b) on the coastal section of Hadrian’s Wall close to Bowness on Solway. Britannia XXV, 1994, p261-263
Cardurnock
NY1758
Coastal mile fortlet, 0.2 ha Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
NY1759 Coastal mile fortlet Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
Carleton
NY4451
Marching camp, 0.5 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Carlisle
Luguvalium
NY3956
A timber fort built c72/3AD and demolished c103/5AD . A second timber fort was built shortly after. In turn this was replaced by a stone fort around 165 AD. A second stone fort was built in the late in the 2nd century and held until early 3rd century? Tile stamps from all the British-based legions have been found at Carlisle. Recently discovered writing tablets suggests that the earliest garison could have been Ala Gallorum Sebosiana. Hassall, see below, suggests that Legio VIIII may have been based nearby in the early 120s AD.

See also Scalesceugh

Britannia XXI, 1990, pp320-2

Britannia XXIX, 1998, pp31-84

Hassall, M., Pre-Hadrianic legionary dispositions in Roman Fortresses and their legions, ed Brewer, London & Cardiff 2000

Castle Hill
see Boothby
Castlesteads
Camboglanna
NY5163
Hadrian’s Wall fort of 1.5 ha that was held until the 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Gallorum equitata (2nd century), Cohors I Batavorum equitata (2nd century?) and Cohors II Tungrorum milliaria equitata civium latinorum (3rd century). Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p228-9
Castrigg
NY6722
Watch tower on road between Maiden Castle and Brough Journal of Roman Studies XXXXI, p53
Coombe Crag
NY5965
Quarry for Hadrian’s Wall Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p43, 218
Crackenthorpe
NY6523
Marching camp, 9.3 h, Flavian? Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Dalston
NY3853
Fort, 2.4-3.2 ha Britannia XXVII, 1996, p405
Drumburgh
Concavata
NY2659
0.8 ha Hadrian’s Wall fort that was replaced circa 160 AD by a smaller fort with a stone wall. Garrisoned by Cohors II Lingonum equitata (4th century). Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p250-1
Dubmill Point
NY0745
Coastal mile fortlet, number 17, on Hadrian’s Wall. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
East Cote
NY1155
Fortlet Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
Farnhill
NY3057
Watchtower Britannia XXVI, 1995, pp342-3
Finglandrigg
NY2657
Fort, 1.6 ha, part of the western Staingate system? Watchtower

Britannia XVIII, 1987, p13

Galley Gill
See Old Penrith
Gelt
NY5258
Quarry for Hadrian’s Wall
NY5357 Quarry for Hadrian’s Wall Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p42, 227
Gillalees
see Robin Hood’s Butt
 
Golden Fleece
See Carleton
Grey Havens
NY2362
Marching camp, 0.6 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Grinsdale
NY3657
Four marching camps, 0.5 ha, 0.2 ha, 2.3 ha and 1.2 ha Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Hardknott
Mediobogdum
NY2101
2nd century fort, 1.3 ha that was unoccupied during the Antonine occupation of Scotland. Rebuilt circa 165 AD? Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Delmatarum (early 2nd century?). Garlick, T., Hardknott Castle Roman Fort, Lancaster, 1985
Heather Bank
see Low Mire
Herd Hill
NY1759
Coastal mile fortlet, number 4, on Hadrian’s Wall Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
High Crosby
NY4559
Fortlet? on the Stanegate frontier. Britannia XVII, 1986, p383
NY4560 Two marching camps, 1.0 ha and 9.7 ha Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Johnson’s Plain
NY8414
Signal station on road between Maiden Castle and Brough. Britannia XXII, 1991, p235-7
Kirkandrews
NY3458
Watch tower Britannia XXVII (1996) p406
Kirkbampton
NY2657
Watch tower Britannia XXVII (1996) p406
Kirkbride
Briga?
NY2357
3 ha Trajanic fort. Part of the Stanegate frontier occupied till circa 120 AD. Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society 2nd series LXXXII, 1982, Carlisle, pp35-50
Kirkby Thore
Bravoniacum
NY6325
Flavian fort site, re-occupied early in the 3rd century and maintained until the 4th. Garrisoned by Numerus militum Syrorum sagittariorum (3rd century) and Numerus Defensorum (late 3rd century). Journal of Roman Studies XLVIII, 1958,
pp86-7
NY6225 Three marching camps, 4.8 ha, 1.7 ha and 1.2 ha Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Knockcross
See Grey Havens
Knowe Farm
See Old Penrith
Langwathby Moor
NY5733
Marching camp Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Low Borrowbridge
NY6001
Flavian fort that was succeeded by Hadrianic fort with stone wall 1.1 ha and occupied until the 4th century. Shotter, D., Romans and Britains in North-West England, Lancaster, 1993

 

Low Mire
NY0741
Coastal mile fortlet, number 20, on Hadrian’s Wall. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
Maiden Castle
NY8713
0.2 ha, fortlet, occupied from the late 2nd to the 4th century. Farrar, R. A. H., in Hanson and Keppie, Roman Frontier Studies 1979, Oxford 1980, pp220-1
Mains Rigg
NY6165
Stone signal station between Nether Denton and Throp. Part of the Stanegate frontier. Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p208-9
Maryport
Alauna
NY0337
Fort (occupied from the early 2nd – 4th century) that was part of the coastal system of Hadrian’s Wall. Garrisoned by Cohors I Aelia Hispanorum milliaria equitata (early 2nd century century), Cohors I Delmatarum equitata (mid 2nd century), Cohors I Baetasiorum civium Romanorum ob virtutem et fidem (late 2nd century) and Cohors II Nerviorum (4th century). Jarrett, M. G., Maryport, Cumbria: A Roman fort and its garrison, Kendall, 1976
Mawbray
NY0847
Coastal fortlet on Hadrian’s Wall Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
Moresby
Gabrosentum?
NX9821
Fort, 1.5 ha occupied from the late Hadrianic – 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors II Lingonum equitata (2nd century) and Cohors II Thracum equitata (3rd-4th century). Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p281-3
Moss Side
See High Crosby
Netherby
Castra Exploratum
NY3971
Outpost fort for Hadrian’s Wall. Abandoned before Bewcastle and the eastern outposts. Garrisoned by Cohors I Nervia (or Nervana) Germanorum milliaria equitata (3rd century?), Cohors I Aelia Hispanorum milliaria equitata (3rd century) and Numerus Exploratorum (early – mid 4th century). Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, p311-4
Nether Denton
NY5964
Flavian fort, 2.8 ha, reduced to 1.8 ha and rebuilt in stone under Trajan? when it may have formed part of the Stanegate frontier. Replaced by a fortlet under Hadrian? Jones, G. D. B., The emergence of the Tyne-Solway frontier in Maxfield and Dobson (eds) Roman Frontier Studies 1989, Exeter, 1991, pp98-107
Nowtler Hill
See Grinsdale
Old Carlisle
Maglona
NY2646
Fort of 1.8 ha. Garrisoned by Ala Augusta Gallorum Proculeiana(late 2nd – mid 3rd century) and ?Numerus Solensium (late 4th century). Ala Augusta ob virtutem appellata which is also recorded here may be a synonym for Ala Augusta Gallorum as the fort was only large enough for one quingenary unit. Higham, N. and Jones, B., The Carvetii, Gloucester, 1985, pp60-2
Old Church
NY5162
1.5 ha fort Trajanic? on the Stanegate frontier? Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, pp230-2
Old Penrith
Voreda
NY4938
Late 1st century fort that was unoccupied circa 120 – 160 AD?, but then held until the late 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors II Gallorum equitata (3rd century), ?Vexillatio Voredensium (3rd century) and ?Vexillatio Marsacorum (3rd century). Higham, N. and Jones, B., The Carvetii, Gloucester, 1985

Marching camp 1.6 ha (Galley Gill)

Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995

NY4839 Marching camp, 1.6 ha (Knowe Farm) Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Papcastle
Derventio
NY1031
Late 1st or early 2nd century fort. It had a stone wall added in 2nd century and was held until 3rd century. A late 4th century fort of 2.8 ha was built on same site. Garrisoned by Cuneus Frisionum Aballavensium (mid 3rd century). Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society 2nd series LXV, 1965, Carlisle, pp102-14
Pasture House
NY1860
Coastal mile fortlet on Hadrian’s Wall Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
Plumpton Head
NY4935
Marching camp 9.5 ha, Flavian? the camp is an irregular shape and includes a incurved section to avoid boggy ground. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Punch Bowl
NY8214
Signal station on road between Maiden Castle and Brough. Britannia VII, 1976, p312
Raise Howe
see Aldoth
Ravenglass
Glannoventa
SD0895
Hadrianic fortlet succeeded by a Hadrianic fort of 1.5 ha. This was rebuilt early 2nd century. Rebuilt again late 4th century and held until beginning of the 5th century. Garrisoned by Cohors I Morinorum et Cersiacorum (4th century) Potter, T. W. J., Romans in northwest England, Kendall, 1979
Risehow
NY0234
Coastal mile fortlet on Hadrian’s Wall. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
Robin Hood’s Butt
NY5771
Signal station close to Bewcastle fort. Southern, P., Signals versus Illumination on Roman frontiers, Britannia XXI, 1990, p233
Sandford
See Warcop
Scalesceugh
NY4449
Tile works and pottery of late 1st – early 2nd century date. Operated by Legio IX Hispana. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman tileries at Scalesceugh and Brampton, Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmoreland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society (2nd series) 71, pp35-44
Silloth
see Beckfoot
Skinburness
NY1356
Coastal mile fortlet on Hadrian’s Wall Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
Stanwix
Uxelodunum
NY4057
4.0 ha fort on Hadrian’s Wall that was held until the 4th century. Garrisoned by Ala Augusta Gallorum Petriana milliaria civium Romanorum bis torquata (2nd – 4th century), the only milliaria ala in the British garrison and the most powerful unit on the wall. Collingwood Bruce, J, Handbook to the Roman Wall 13th edition, Newcastle, 1978, pp236-9
Steadfolds
See Watchclose
Swarthy Hill
NY0640
Coastal mile fortlet, number 21, on Hadrian’s Wall occupied in the first half of 2nd century. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
Troutbeck
NY3827
1.5 ha fort and 0.7 ha fortlet. Frere, S. S. and St Joseph, J. K., Roman Britain from the air, Cambridge, 1983

Two marching camps, 9.7 ha Flavian? and 0.6 ha

NY3727 Marching camp 4.0 ha Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Upper Denton
See Mains Rigg
Warcop
NY7416
Marching camp Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Watchclose
NY4760
Marching camp, 0.5 ha Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Watchcross
See Watchclose
Watercrook
Alauna
SD5190
1.5 ha Flavian fort; held until mid – 2nd century and until 4th century? Potter, T. W. J., The Romans in northwest England, Kendal, 1979
Wetheral
NY4653
Quarry (Triassic sandstone) for Hadrian’s Wall Johnson, G. A. L., Geology of Hadrian’s Wall: Geologists’ Association Guide 59, London, 1997
Willowford
NY6266
Bridge carrying Hadrian’s Wall over the river Irthing Marching camp, 0.8 ha

Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995

Wolsty North
NY0950
Watch tower on the coastal section of Hadrian’s Wall. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
Wolsty South
NY0950
Watch tower on the coastal section of Hadrian’s Wall. Bellhouse, R. L., Roman Sites on the Cumberland Coast, Kendal, 1989
Wreay
NY4449
1.3 ha fort Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmoreland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society (2nd series) LIV, 1954, pp9-16
NY4448 Fortlet or signal tower, 4th century? Marching camp, 0.4 ha

Farrar, R. A. H., in Hanson, W. S. and Keppie, L. J. F., (eds) Roman Frontier Studies, Oxford, 1971, pp213-5

DARLINGTON
Piercebridge
Morbium?
NZ2115
4.6 ha fort of late 3rd – 4th century date. Garrisoned by Equites Catafractarii? (4th century). Although the fort was built about 260 AD the vicus is older, but no sign has yet been found of an earlier, Flavian?, fort. Britannia XIV, 1983, pp292-3
DONCASTER
Burghwallis
SE5112
Three forts of late 1st – 2nd century date.Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Doncaster
Danum
SE5703
A Flavian fort (2.6 ha) abandoned circa 120 AD.Followed by a 2.4 ha fort, built mid 2nd century.

The final fort, 2.4 ha, dates from the late 3rd – 4th century. Garrisoned by Equites Crispiani (late 4th century).

Buckland, P. C., Roman South Yorkshire: a source book, Sheffield, 1986

Rossington
SK6399
Small fortress (9.3 ha), Flavian or earlier.Buckland, P. C., Roman South Yorkshire: a source book, Sheffield, 1986
DURHAM
Binchester
Vinovium
NZ2131
3.8 ha Flavian fort that was occupied apart from part of the 2nd century till the 4th. Garrisoned by Ala Hispanorum Vettonum civium Romanorum (late 2nd – early 3rd century?) and Cuneus Frisiorum Vinoviensium (3rd century). Hanson and Keppie, Roman Frontier Studies 1979, Oxford 1980, pp233-54
Bowes
Lavatris
NY9913
Flavian fort, 1.7 ha. The site was occupied again from mid 2nd until the 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Breucorum (2nd century), Cohors I Thracum equitata (3rd century) and Numerus Exploratum (late 4th century). Journal of Roman Studies LVIII, 1968, pp179-81
Bowes Moor
NY9212
Signal station, occupied late 3rd – 4th century. Farrar, R. A. H., in Hanson and Keppie, Roman Frontier Studies 1979, Oxford 1980, pp220-3

Small marching camp, contemporary with the signal station?

Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995

Chester-le-Street
Concangis
NZ2751
Mid to late 2nd century timber fort that was succeeded by a stone fort during the 3rd century and occupied until the 4th. Garrisoned by Numerus Concangiensium? (3rd century?) and Numerus Vigilum (4th century?). Bishop Archaeologia Aeliana XXI, 1993, pp29-85
Ebchester
Vindomora
NZ1055
Flavian fort of 1.6 ha that was occupied until the 4th century, but with a gap in occupation from circa 140-160AD. Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Breucorum (3rd century). Archaeologia Aeliana XLII, 1964, pp179-80
Greta Bridge
Morbium?
NZ0813
Antonine (?) fort that was occupied until the 4th century. Britannia XXIX, 1998, pp111-184
Lanchester
Longovicium
NZ1546
Fort, 2.5 ha that was occupied from the late 2nd century and again from mid 3rd – 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors I fida Vardullorum milliaria equitata civium Romanorum (late 2nd century), Cohors I Lingonum equitata (3rd century), Vexillatio Sueborum Longovcianorum (mid 3rd century) and Numerus Longovicianorum. Journal of Roman Studies XXVIII, 1938, pp177-8 (plan, plate xvii)
Rey Cross
NY9012
8.1 ha marching camp, Flavian? with 11 titulu. Large enough to have accomodated a legion with auxiliaries. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Roper Castle
NY8811
Signal station. Farrar, R. A. H., in Hanson and Keppie, Roman Frontier Studies 1979, Oxford 1980, pp220-2
Sandforth Moor
NZ2021
Marching camp, 0.8 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Scargill Moor
NY9910
Shrines and altar associated with the fort at Bowes.
Vale House
NY9412
Signal station? Farrar, R. A. H., in Hanson and Keppie, Roman Frontier Studies 1979, Oxford 1980, pp224-5
GATESHEAD
Whickham
NZ2160
Flavian earth and timber fort with several occupation periods.Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Washing Well
See Whickham
KIRKLEES
Grimescar
SE1319
Tile kilns operated by Cohors IIII Breucorum. Tiles made here found at Slack and Castleshaw.Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Slack
Camulodunum
SE0817
Flavian fort, 1.5 ha, abandoned circa 140 AD. Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Breucorum (early 2nd?).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
LANCASHIRE
Castlehows
See Low Burrow Bridge
Burrow in Lonsdale
Calacum
SD6175
1.9 ha fort, occupied from the Flavian period until – early 2nd century. In the 3rd century a stone fort was built and occupied until mid 4th century. Shotter, D. and White, A., The Romans in Lunesdale, Lancaster 1995
Kirkham
SD4332
Flavian fort that was abandoned early in the 2nd century. Shotter, D., Romans and Britons in North-West England, Lancaster 1993
Lancaster
SD4761
Flavian fort that received a stone wall in the Trajanic period. The site was unoccupied from the mid 2nd – 3rd century? A stone fort of typical late design was built during the 4th century. Garrisoned by Ala Augusta Gallorum Proculeiana, (late 1st), Ala Gallorum Sebosiana (3rd century) and Numerus Barcariorum (4th century). Shotter, D. and White, A., The Romans in Lunesdale, Lancaster 1995
Low Burrow Bridge
NY6001
Fort founded in the Flavian period that may have been reconstructed in the late 1st or early 2nd century. The site was occupied until the late 4th century. Shotter, D. and White, A., The Romans in Lunesdale, Lancaster 1995
Overburrow
See Burrow in Lonsdale
Ribchester
Bremetenacum Veteranorum
SD6434
Early Flavian fort that was succeeded by a 2.7 ha timber late Flavian fort. This was in turn succeeded by a stone fort early in the 2nd century that remained in use into the 4th century. Garrisoned by Ala II Asturum (late 1st-2nd century?), Numerus equitatum Sarmatarum (2nd-3rd century?) and Cuneus Sarmatarum (3rd-4th century). Shotter, D. Romans and Britons in North-West England, Lancaster 1993
Walton-le-Dale
SD5528
Supply base and industrial site from the late 1st century into the early 2nd century. Shotter, D. Romans and Britons in North-West England, Lancaster 1993, p21
LEEDS
Adel
SE2741
Fort?Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
NORTH LINCOLNSHIRE
Kirmington
TA0511
3.4 ha fort Britannia VIII, 1977, pp189-91
MANCHESTER
Manchester
Mamucium
SJ8397
1.6 ha Flavian fort. The site was re-occupied from late 2nd – 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors III Bracaraugustanorum (early 2nd?), and Cohors I Frisiavonum (early 2nd?). Shotter, D. Romans and Britons in North-West England, Lancaster 1993
NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE
Benwall
Condercum
NZ2164
Hadrian’s Wall fort (2.3 ha). Garrisoned by Cohors I Vangionum milliaria equitata (late 2nd century) and Ala I Hispanorum Asturum (late 2nd – 4th).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Newcastle upon Tyne
Pons Aelius
NZ2563
Fort of unknown size guarding the bridge over the Tyne, may have predated Hadrian’s Wall. Garrisoned by Cohors I Thracum equitata (2nd century?), Cohors I Ulpia Traiana Cugernorum civium Romanorum (early 3rd century) and Cohors I Cornoviorum (4th century).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
East Denton
NZ1965
Hadrian’s Wall turret (no 7b).Breeze & Dobson, Hadrian’s Wall, London 1991
NORTHUMBERLAND
Barcombe
NY7765
Watch tower?
NY7866 Watch tower. Quarry (Carboniferous sandstone) for Hadrian’s Wall.

Johnson, G. A. L., Geology of Hadrian’s Wall: Geologists’ Association Guide 59, London, 1997

Bagraw
NY8496
Marching camp with annex or two camps, 7.7 ha in total. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Bean Burn
See Seatsides
Bellshiel
NY8199
16.0 ha marching camp, Flavian? Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Birdhope
NY8298
Three marching camps, 12.3 ha Flavian?, 3.1 ha and 2.1 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Bishop Rigg
see Corbridge – Red House
Blakehope
NY8594
Marching camp? 6.2 ha, succeeded? by 1.5 ha fort.
Brown Dikes
NY8370
Marching camp, 0.4 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Burnhead
NY7066
Marching camp, 3.5 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Carham
NT7937
Marching camp? Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Carrawburgh
Brocolitia
NY8571
Hadrian’s Wall fort, 1.5 ha. Garrisoned by Cohors I Aquitanorum equitata (early 2nd century), Cohors II Nerviorum civium Romanorum (2nd century?), Cohors I Ulpia Traiana Cugernorum civium Romanorum (late 2nd century?) and Cohors I Batavorum equitata (3rd-4th century). Mithreum

Frere, S. S., et al, Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, Oxford, 1987

 

Carvoran
Magnis
NY6665
Stanegate frontier fort that was succeeded by a Hadrian’s Wall fort (1.5 ha) and held until 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors I Hamiorum sagittariorum (early 2nd century, late 2nd century), Cohors I Batavorum equitata (2nd century?) and Cohors II Delmatarum equitata (3rd-4th century).Frere, S. S., et al, Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, Oxford, 1987
Cawfields
NY7166
Hadrian’s Wall milecastle, early 2nd century. Marching camp, 0.6 ha. See also Chesters Pike and Burnhead temporary camps.

Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995

 

Chapel Rigg
NY6465
Marching camp, 0.6 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Chesterholm
Vindolanda
NY7766
Timber fort, 1.4 ha, built late 80s AD and garrisoned by elements of Cohors I Tungrorum, which may have been enlarged to a milliaria cohort during this period. This fort was followed by another timber fort built late 80s early 90s AD and garrisoned by Cohors VIIII Batavorum. A third timber fort, 3.2 ha, was built circa 95-105 AD and garrisoned by Cohors VIIII Batavorum now milliaria equitata with elements of Cohors III Batavorum milliaria equitata (the Batavians were replaced by Cohors I Tungrorum milliaria circa 105 AD – mid 2nd century). Also present in the early 120s AD were the cavalry element of Cohors I fida Vardullorum equitata civium Romanorum and possibly legionaries.

This fort was replaced by a stone one, 1.6 ha, built circa 120 AD. Cohors II Nerviorum civium Romanorum is recorded here during the 2nd century but may not have been the garrison.

A second stone fort, 1.4 ha, was built circa 230 AD and garrisoned by Cohors IIII Gallorum equitata (3rd-4th century).

Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

NB. The continuing work at Chesterholm makes providing a reference that easily expands this gazetteer entry difficult.

Chesters
Cilurnum
NY9170
Hadrian’s Wall fort (2.3 ha) garrisoned by Ala Augusta ob virtutem appellata (early 2nd), Cohors I Vangionum milliaria equitata (late 2nd century?), Cohors I Delmatarum equitata (late 2nd?) and Ala II Austurum (late 2nd – 4th).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Chesters Pike
NY7067
Marching camp, 0.5 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Chew Green
NT7808
Two marching camps, fort and two? fortlets, on Dere Street as it climbs over the Cheviots. The chronology is unclear, a possible sequence is marching camp 7.7 ha, fortlet? 0.3 ha? Flavian?, fort 2.6 ha Flavian?, marching camp 5.5 ha, fortlet 0.4 ha Antonine? Frere, S., S., and St Joseph, J., K., Roman Britain from the air, Cambridge, 1983
Coesike
NY8170
Three marching camps, 0.2 ha, 0.1 ha? and 0.2 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Corbridge
Coria? Corstopitum?
NY9864
Fort built circa 90 AD and occupied until the mid 2nd century. The garrison may have included elements of Cohors I Tungrorum. A late 1st century gravestone of a trooper of Ala Augusta Gallorum Petriana milliaria civium Romanorum bis torquata was found at Corbridge;. The fort was succeeded by an industrial complex, mid 2nd – early 3rd century, manned by vexilations of Legio VI Victrix and Legio II Augusta.

Gillam Archaeologia Aeliana (1977) pp47-74

Corbridge – Red House
NY9765
Flavian vexillation fortress? The base for Agricola’s advance into Scotland? Garrisoned by Legio VIIII Hispana?
NY9665 Marching camp,1.0 ha; later than the fortress. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Crooks
NY6365
Marching camp, 0.9 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Dargues
NY8693
Marching camp, 5.9 ha Flavian? Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
East Learmouth
NT8736
Marching camp, 13.6 ha Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Fallowfield Fell
NY9368
Quarry (Upper Carboniferous sandstone) for Hadrian’s Wall. Johnson, G. A. L., Geology of Hadrian’s Wall: Geologists’ Association Guide 59, London, 1997
Farnley
NY9963
Three marching camps, one 1.6 ha the other two of unknown size. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Featherwood East
NT8205
Marching camp, 15.9 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Featherwood West
NT8105
Marching camp, 15.6 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Fell End
NY6865
Marching camp, 8.7 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Four Laws
NY9082
Two marching camps , 2.4 ha and 0.3 ha Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Glenwhelt Leazes
NY6565
Marching camp, 1.2 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Great Chesters
Aesica
NY7066
Hadrian’s Wall fort, 1.4 ha. Garrisoned by Cohors VI Nerviorum (early 2nd century), Cohors VI Raetorum (mid 2nd century), Cohors II Asturum equitata (3rd century), Vexillatio Gaesatorum Raetorum (3rd century) and Cohors I Asturum equitata (4th century). See Burnhead, Cawfields and Chesters Pike for marching camps.

Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

Greenlee Lough
NY7769
Marching camp, 1.4 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995

Quarry (Lower Carboniferous sandstone) for Hadrian’s Wall

Johnson, G. A. L., Geology of Hadrian’s Wall: Geologists’ Association Guide 59, London, 1997

Grindon Hill
NY8267
Marching camp, 0.1 h. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Grindon School
NY8169
Very small marching camp. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Halton Chesters
Onnum
NY9968
Hadrian’s Wall fort, 1.7 ha that was enlarged to 1.9 ha in the 3rd century. Garrisoned by Ala I Pannoniorum Sabiniana (3rd – 4th century). Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Haltwhistle
NY6965
Two marching camps, 0.4 ha and 0.6 ha.
NY7065 Very small marching camp. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Haltwhistle Burn
NY7166
Trajanic fortlet, 0.3 ha. Part of the Stanegate frontier Four temporary camps, 1.0 ha, 0.7 ha, 0.3 ha and the fourth tiny.

Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995

Quarry for Hadrian’s Wall

Haltwhistle Common
See Markham Cottage
High Rochester
Bremenium
NY8398
2 ha Flavian fort that was rebuilt as an outpost fort for Hadrian’s Wall in the mid 2nd century and held until mid 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors I Linngonum equitata (mid 2nd century), Cohors I Aelia Dacorum milliaria (late 2nd century?) and Cohors I Delmatarum equitata (late 2nd century?). Several marching camps, see Birdhope, Sills Burn, Silloans and Bellshiel

Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

Horsley
See Bagraw
Housesteads
Vercovicium
NY7968
Hadrian’s Wall fort of 2.1 ha. Garrisoned by Cohors I Tungrorum milliaria (3rd century), Cuneus Frisiorum Vercoviciensium (early 3rd century) and Numerus Hnaudifridi (3rd century).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Lady Shield
See Grindon Hill and Grindon School
Learchild
Alauna
NU1011
Flavian fort, enlarged in the 2nd centuryFrere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Learmouth
See East Learmouth
Lees Hall
NY7065
Temporary camp with an outerwork or a fort with internal clavicula, 4.2 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Limestone Corner
NY8771
Marching camp, 0.2 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Longshaws
NZ1388
Fortlets?Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Markham Cottage
NY7066
Two marching camps 16.8 ha and 3.4 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Milestone House
NY7266
Unusually long and thin marching camp, 7 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Mindrum
NT8433
Marching camp. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Newbrough
NY8668
4th century fortlet, 0.3 ha.
NY8767 Fort, part of the Stanegate frontier? Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Norham
NT8845
Marching camp, 0.5 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
North Yardhope
See Yardhope
Peasteel Crags
See Fell End
Queen’s Crags
NY7970
Quarry (Lower Carboniferous sandstone) for Hadrian’s Wall Johnson, G. A. L., Geology of Hadrian’s Wall: Geologists’ Association Guide 59, London, 1997
Risingham
Habitancum
NY8986
An outpost fort, 1.8 ha, for Hadrian’s Wall built mid 2nd century and unoccupied in the late 2nd century. It was rebuilt early 3rd century and occupied until the mid 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Gallorum equitata (late 2nd century), Cohors I Vangionum milliaria equitata (3rd century) and Numerus Exploratorum habitancensium (3rd-4th century), Vexillatio Raetorum Gaesa.

Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

 

Rudchester
Vindobala
NZ1167
Hadrian’s Wall fort that was rebuilt early 3rd century and at least partly unoccupied during late 3rd century. Held until the 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors I Frisiavonum (Frixagorum) (3rd-4th century).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Seatsides
NY7566
Four marching and practice camps?, 6.7 ha, 3.4 ha, 0.3 ha and 0.04ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Silloans
NT8200
Marching camp, 18.4 ha, Flavian? Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Sills Burn North
NT8200
Marching camp, 2.1 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Sills Burn South
NY8299
Marching camp, 1.8 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Sunny Rig
See Haltwhistle
Swine Hill
See Four Laws
Thorngrafton Common
see Barcombe
Throp
NY6365
Trajanic fortlet, part of the Stanegate frontier. The site was re-occupied in the 4th century.Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Twice Brewed
See Seatsides
Walwick Fell
NY8870
Marching camp, 0.5 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
West Woodburn
NY8987
Marching camp, about 11.0 ha. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Whitley Castle
Epiacum
NY6948
1.2 ha fort, occupied from 2nd – 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors II Nerviorum civium Romanorum (3rd century).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Written Crag
see Fallowfield Fell
Yardhope
NT9000
2.0 ha marching camp. Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
OLDHAM
Castleshaw
Rigodunum
SD9909
Late Flavian fort, of 1.3 ha. This was ucceeded by a fortlet (0.3 ha) of Trajanic date. Tiles stamped Cohors IIII Breucorum (see Slack, West Yorkshire) suggest it provided the garrison for the fortlet. Shotter, D. Romans and Britons in North-West England, Lancaster 1993
REDCAR AND CLEVELAND
Huntcliff NZ6821 Late 4th century coastal watch tower. One of a group that includes Filey, Ravenscar Goldsborough, and Scarborough (North Yorkshire). Wilson, P., Aspects of the Yorkshire signal stations in Maxfield and Dobson (eds) Roman Frontier Studies 1989, Exeter, 1991, pp124-147
EAST RIDING
Brough-on-Humber Petuaria
SE932
Marching camp Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995

1.8 ha Flavian fort that was maintained as a stores base until the early 2nd century. Garrisoned at some time? by Numerus Supervenientium Petueriensium a unit recorded at Malton in the late 4th century.

Naval base?

Wacher, J. S., Excavations at Brough on Humber 1958-61, London, 1969

Hayton
SE8145
Flavian fort, 1.5 ha Johnson Britannia IX (1978) p57-114
ROTHERHAM
Templeborough
SK4191
A timber fort, 2.6 ha, built circa 55 AD.Succeeded by a Trajanic fort of 2.1 ha that had a stone wall. It was held until circa 180 AD.

A second stone fort, 1.8 ha was possibly held until mid 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Gallorum equitata (early 2nd century)

Buckland, P. C., Roman South Yorkshire: a source book, Sheffield, 1986

SUNDERLAND
Wearmouth
Dictum?
NZ4057
4th century fort?Dictum is recorded in the Notitia Dignatatum and should lie close to Wearmouth, although no fort has been found.

Rivet, A. L. F., and Smith, C., The Place names of Roman Britain, Batsford, 1981

NORTH TYNE
Wallsend
Segedunum
NZ3066
Eastern terminal fort, 1.7 ha, of Hadrian’s Wall. Garrisoned by Cohors II Nerviorum civium Romanorum? (2nd century?) and Cohors IIII Lingonum equitata (3rd-4th century).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
SOUTH TYNE
South Shields
Arbeia
NZ3667
Two periods of wooden buildings, extending back to the Flavian period? A stone fort was built around 160 AD as a late addition to Hadrian’s Wall. During Severus’s reign it was expanded and changed its role to a stores base (with 22 granaries) to support operations in the northern Britain.

Around 220 AD it was re-organised as a more conventional fort and occupied until the 4th century. Garrisoned by Cohors V Gallorum (3rd century) and Numerus Barcariorum Tigrisensium (4th century).

Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

WAKEFIELD
Castleford
Lagentium
SE4225
Fort, early Flavian of unknown size, but larger than its successor.Succeeded by a fort, 3.2 ha, in the period 80 – 90 AD. Garrisoned by Cohors IIII Gallorum equitata (early 2nd century).

Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

YORK
Bootham Stray
SE5954
Two temporary camps now visible (18th Century reports are of eight camps), 0.9 ha and 1.1 ha, training site for the legions based at York?Welfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
York
Eburacum
SE6052
Legionary fortress, 20.2 ha, built circa 70 AD by Legio VIIII Hispana.Legio VI Victrix replaced them circa 120 AD.

Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

NORTH YORKSHIRE
Aldborough
SE4066
Fort? Flavian?Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Bainbridge
Virosidum?
SD9390
Flavian fort or fortlet; succeeded by a fort, 1.1 ha built circa 100 AD. The site was unoccupied 140 – 160 AD. The fort was rebuilt circa 200 AD. Garrisoned by Cohors VI Nerviorum (3rd-4th century).Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

 

Brompton on Swale
SE2299
Stores base? on the opposite bank of the Swale from CatterickFrere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Breckenbrough
SE3783
Marching campWelfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Buttercrambe Moor
SE7156
Temporary camp Horne, P. and Lawton, I., Britannia XXIX, 1998 pp327-329
Carkin Moor
NZ1608
Fort, 1.0 haWelfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Catterick
Cataractonium
SE2299
Flavian? fort. The site was re-occupied from the mid 2nd- 4th century. See also Brompton on Swale.Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
SE2399 Marching campWelfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Cawthorn
SE7890
Two forts one late 1st century? Temporary camp

Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

Eggborough
SE5857
Fort?Britannia XXX, 1999, pp340-1
Elslack
Olenacum?
SD9249
Flavian fort, 1.3 ha that was occupied until c 120 AD and again around 150 AD. A 2.2 ha fort was built in the 4th century that was garrisoned by Ala Herculea.Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Filey
TA1281
Late 4th century coastal watch tower. One of a group that includes Goldsborough, Ravenscar, Scarborough and Huntcliffe. Wilson, P., Aspects of the Yorkshire signal stations in Maxfield and Dobson (eds) Roman Frontier Studies 1989, Exeter, 1991, pp124-147
Goldsborough
NZ8315
Late 4th century coastal watch tower. One of a group that includes Filey, Ravenscar, Scarborough and Huntcliffe. Wilson, P., Aspects of the Yorkshire signal stations in Maxfield and Dobson (eds) Roman Frontier Studies 1989, Exeter, 1991, pp124-147
Healam Bridge
SE3283
Fort? Flavian?Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Lease Rigg
NZ8104
Flavian fort, 1.1 ha. It was abandoned circa 120 AD.Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Long Preston
SD8358
Fort?Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Malham
SD9165
Flavian marching camp (8.2 ha). Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Malton
Derventio
SE7971
Early Flavian small fortress (?) of circa 8.9 ha. A late Flavian fort, 3.4 h succeeded it and was held until circa 120 AD and again from circa 160 AD.

The fort was reconstructed in the 3rd century. Garrisoned by Ala Gallorum Picentiana (late 2nd century) and Numerus Supervenientium Petueriensium (late 4th century).

Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

Newton Kyme
Praesidivm?
SE4545
Two Flavian forts, of circa 1.3 ha and 4.0 ha Frere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987
Two possible temporary camps, one overlain by the fort is at least 7.5 ha.Boutwood, Britannia XXVII, pp340-3 (1996)
Ravenscar
NZ9801
Late 4th century coastal watch tower. One of a group that includes Filey, Scarborough, Goldsborough and Huntcliffe. Wilson, P., Aspects of the Yorkshire signal stations in Maxfield and Dobson (eds) Roman Frontier Studies 1989, Exeter, 1991, pp124-147
Roall
SE5625
1.3 ha Flavian fortBritannia XXIV (1993) pp243-7
Roecliffe
SE3866
Early? Flavian fort, 2.5 ha Britannia XXV (1994) pp265-6
Scarborough
TA0589
Late 4th century coastal watch tower. One of a group that includes Filey, Ravenscar, Goldsborough and Huntcliffe. Wilson, P., Aspects of the Yorkshire signal stations in Maxfield and Dobson (eds) Roman Frontier Studies 1989, Exeter, 1991, pp124-147
Wath
SE6774
Marching camp, 4.9 haWelfare, H., and Swan, V., Roman Camps in England: the field archaeology, London, 1995
Wensley
SE0889
A Flavian fort, 1.2 haFrere, S. S., et al Tabula Imperii Romani – Britannia Septentrionalis, London, 1987

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