North Yorkshire

Contents

1 Site Details
2 North Yorkshire — Geography, Geology, Pre-history, History & Heritage
- 2.1 Why it matters for Brigantian & Ice-Age studies
3 Linked Documents
4 Aldborough Hall, North Yorkshire
5 Aldborough Roman Town
6 Boltby Scar Iron Age Hill Fort
7 Bowbridge Lane Late Bronze Age burial site, Catterick
8 Cana Barn Henge
9 Castle Dykes Roman Villa
10 Catterick Henge
11 Catterick Roman Fort
12 Catterick Roman Marching Camp
13 Cleave Dyke Defensive System
14 Devil’s Arrows
15 Earthwork 300m East of the Entrance to Swinton Castle
16 Earthworks at the top of Holly Hill, Well
17 Eboracum, York
18 Field Systems at Reeth
19 Hutton Moor Henge
20 John O’Gaunt’s Castle and Beaver Dyke – Harrogate
21 Kilburn White Horse
22 Kilgram Bridge Ford
23 Kirklington Tumulus
24 Live Moor Hill Fort
25 Maidens Grave – Burton Fleming, North Yorkshire
26 Marne Barracks Neolithic palisaded enclosure
27 Middleham Castle
28 Motte and Bailey – Northallerton
29 Moulton Henge
30 Near Moor
31 Newsham House, Newsham, Richmond
32 Newton Kyme Henge
33 Nunwick Henge
34 Pickhill Mound
35 Ramsgill Celtic Head
36 Roulston Scar Hill Fort
37 Scorton Cursus
38 Scotts Dyke – Richmond
39 Sinderby Henge
40 Snape Castle
41 St Andrew’s Church, Aldborough
42 St Cuthbert’s Church, Forcett
43 St John the Baptist Church, Kirby Wiske
44 St John the Baptist Church, Stanwick
45 St Mary Magdalen the Leper Chapel Ripon
46 Stanwick Hill Fort
47 Staple Howe West Hesterton
48 Studforth Hill Roman Amphitheatre and Motte and Bailey, Aldborough, North Yorkshire
49 Temple Lane Ritual Routeway
50 The Cistercians in North Yorkshire
51 The Latimer Family
52 The Nevilles
53 The Yorkshire Dales
54 Thornborough Henges

Castle Hill’s imposing silhouette hides a great prehistoric fort, Norman castle and Victorian tower. Thanks to Varley’s trenches and the Read more

West Yorkshire

Maiden Castle Fort Pooley Bridge

A superbly circular "fort", built on the side of the hill, which seems to be a Brigantian fashion (see below). Read more

Maiden Castle Fort Reeth

For over five hundred years, the miners and smelters of Reeth produced mountains of precious lead. The lead ores from Read more

Castle Steads Hill Fort

Castle Steads is a Hill-Side Enclosure, seemingly built without worry of threat from the upper slopes of the hill it Read more

Catterick Henge

The henge at Catterick racecourse is an intriguing prehistoric site. Initially thought to be a Roman amphitheatre, it is now Read more

Catterick Roman Marching Camp

Discovered only recently by air survey and geophysics, this camp lies on the alluvial plain of the River Swale, on Read more

East Yorkshire

East Yorkshire’s Middle-Iron-Age story stands out in Britain because the communities who farmed the chalk of the Yorkshire Wolds developed Read more

Castle Naze Hill Fort

This is a promontory fort of probable Iron Age date. It uses the natural cliffs of the hill that it Read more

Somerset

Sutton Common Fort

Sutton Common is an early Iron Age fort/enclosure site just north of Doncaster, A key feature of this "marsh fort" Read more

Nunwick Henge

A henge at Nunwick visible both as a low bank and shallow internal ditch and as a cropmark. A berm Read more

Site Details

Adwick-le-Street Roman Fort (Derventio)
Distance:

, DN4 0TS
Aldborough Hall, North Yorkshire
Distance:

, YO51 9EY
Aldborough Roman Town
Distance:

, YO51 9ES
All Saints Church, Rudston
Distance:

, YO25 4UY
Altar dedicated to Jupiter of Doliche, Caelestis Brigantia, and Salus – Corbridge
Distance:

, NE45 5NP
Anciens Arsenaux Neolithic Settlement, Sion – Switzerland
Distance:

, Rue de Lausanne 45, 1950 Sion, Switzerland
Arka Unskel hillfort, Highlands
Distance:

, PH39 4NR
Bainbridge Camp – Hill Fort
Distance:

, DL8 3HF
Bainbridge Roman Fort
Distance:

, DL8 3HF
Barry Hill Fort
Distance:

, PH11 8HQ
Barwick in Elmet Iron Age Hill Fort
Distance:

, LS15 4JQ
Bishopdale
Distance:

, DL8 3TG
Black Dike – Coverdale
Distance:

, HD3 3FQ
Boltby Scar Iron Age Hill Fort
Distance:

, Y07 2DY
Bolton Hall, Wensleydale
Distance:

, DL8 4UF
Bowbridge Lane Late Bronze Age burial site, Catterick
Distance:

, DL7 9LN
Bridge Barn just south-east of Nathwaite Bridge – Coverdale
Distance:

, DL8 4RY
Brigantia
Distance:

, HD5 8XF
Brigantia Espania
Distance:

, 45211, Toledo, Spain
Brough Law, Breamish Valley, Northumberland – Bronze Age Terracing
Distance:

, NE66 4LT
Bubeneč Neolithic Farm, Prague
Distance:

, dl8 1sj
Camp Green (Danes Camp), Hathersage
Distance:

, S32 1AJ
Cana Barn Henge
Distance:

, HG4 5BT
Carl Wark Hill Fort
Distance:

, S32 1AJ
Carlton Village – Coverdale
Distance:

, DL8 4UW
Carperby in Wensleydale
Distance:

, DL8 4DF
Carperby Market Cross, Wensleydale
Distance:

, DL8 4DQ
Castercliff Hill Fort
Distance:

, BB10 3RQ
Castle Bolton
Distance:

, DL8 4ET
Castle Dykes Henge, Thoralby – North Yorkshire
Distance:

, DL8 3SU
Castle Dykes Roman Villa
Distance:

, HG4 3HT
Castle Hill, Almondbury
Distance:

, HD5 8XF
Castle Naze Hill Fort
Distance:

, SK23 9UT
Castle Point Fort, Cullykhan, Pennan
Distance:

, AB45 3JN
Castle Steads Hill Fort
Distance:

, DL8 4SQ
Castlerigg stone circle
Distance:

, CA12 4RN
Castro de Trona fort – Pontevedra, Spain
Distance:

, 36895 A Lenguda, Pontevedra, Spain
Catterick Henge
Distance:

, DL10 7PE
Catterick Roman Fort
Distance:

, DL10 7PE
Catterick Roman Marching Camp
Distance:

, DL10 7PE
Cerne Abbas Giant Hill Figure
Distance:

, DT2 7AL
Church of Santa María de Cambre, Cambre near A Coruña
Distance:

, 15668 Cambre
Cleave Dyke Defensive System
Distance:

, YO7 2DP
Clickhimin Broch
Distance:

, ZE1 0GD
Cobscar Smelting Mill Chimney, Redmire, Wensleydale
Distance:

, DL8 4AT
Constable Burton
Distance:

, DL8 5RG
Constable Burton Hall
Distance:

, DL8 5LJ
County Durham
Distance:

, DH1 4RZ
Coverdale
Distance:

, DL8 4BB
Cow Ford close to Nathwaite Bridge
Distance:

, DL8 4RY
Craig Phadrig Hill Fort
Distance:

, IV3 8RR
Cumbria
Distance:

, CA12 5BZ
Devil’s Arrows
Distance:

, YO51 9ER
Doncaster Roman Fort (Danum)
Distance:

, DN1 1RD
Dorset
Distance:

, DT1 3GW
Dryburn Henge, Cumbria
Distance:

, CA9 3EX
Dumphries and Galloway
Distance:

, DG1 2AH
Dunagoil Hillfort, (Isle of Bute, Argyll & Bute)
Distance:

, PA20 9LX
Dundon Hill Fort
Distance:

, TA11 6PE
Dunmallard Hill Fort
Distance:

, CA11 0LL
Dunnideer Fort
Distance:

, AB52 6JY
Earthwork 300m East of the Entrance to Swinton Castle
Distance:

, HG4 4JP
Earthworks at Bellerby, Leyburn
Distance:

, DL8 5QL
Earthworks at Bolton Castle
Distance:

, DL8 4EY
Earthworks at Manor Grange Wensleydale
Distance:

, DL8 4DP
Earthworks at Paradigm Sharpening, Nelholme, Wensleydale
Distance:

, DL8 4UN
Earthworks at Redmire
Distance:

, DL8 4EA
Earthworks at Stainton
Distance:

, DL11 6AL
Earthworks at the top of Holly Hill, Well
Distance:

, DL8 2QF
Earthworks at Walburn Hall Farm, Richmond
Distance:

, DL11 6AF
East Witton Camp
Distance:

, DL8 4SN
East Yorkshire
Distance:

, HU1 1XE
Eboracum, York
Distance:

, YO1 8BH
Egglestone Abbey, Barnard Castle
Distance:

, DL12 9TH
Eileen na Goar Fort
Distance:

, KW15 1BB
Ellerton Abbey
Distance:

, DL11 6AN
Elslack Roman Fort
Distance:

, BD23 3AX
Farley Moor Stone Circle, Derbyshire
Distance:

, DE4 5LQ
Field Systems at Reeth
Distance:

, DL11 6SU
Finavon Fort
Distance:

, DD8 3QD
Flats Hill – Carlton in Coverdale
Distance:

, DL8 4BD
Foresters Arms Inn – Carlton-in-Coverdale
Distance:

, DL8 4BB
Fremington Hagg
Distance:

, DL11 6HH
Grampian
Distance:

, PH21 1HZ
Great Roe Wood (Roe Wood) Enclosure – Woodhouse
Distance:

, S4 7DR
Greta Bridge Roman Fort
Distance:

, DL12 9SE
Grinton Lodge Earthworks
Distance:

, DL11 6HS
Hadrian’s Wall
Distance:

, NE15 0JB
Hall Tower Hill and Wendel Hill – Barwick in Elmet
Distance:

, LS15 4JS
Hardnott Roman Fort
Distance:

, CA19 1TH
Highlands
Distance:

, PH39 4NH
Horslip (Windmill Hill) Long Barrow, Avebury
Distance:

, SN4 9nw
Housesteads Roman Fort
Distance:

, NE47 6NW
How Hill Hillfort, Swaledale
Distance:

, DL11 6AE
Hutton Moor Henge
Distance:

, HG4 5AA
Hutton Rudby
Distance:

, TS15 0DB
Iberian Peninsular
Distance:

, 28620 Aldea del Fresno
Ingleborough Hill – Yorkshire Dales
Distance:

, LA6 3AN
Ingleborough Iron Age Hillfort
Distance:

, LA6 3An
Ingleton – Yorkshire Dales
Distance:

, LA6 3DL
Intach Ford: Upstream of Nathwaite Bridge, Coverdale
Distance:

, DL8 4RY
John O’Gaunt’s Castle and Beaver Dyke – Harrogate
Distance:

, HG3 1TA
Kilburn White Horse
Distance:

, YO61 4AL
Kilgram Bridge Ford
Distance:

, HG4 4PH
King Arthurs Round Table Henge
Distance:

, CA10 2BX
Kirkhaugh Cairns – Cumbria
Distance:

, CA9 3HU
Kirklington Tumulus
Distance:

, DL8 2ND
Knockfarrel Fort
Distance:

, IV7 8EB
Lady Bridge – Tamworth
Distance:

, B79 7NB
Lady Hill, East Scrafton – Coverdale
Distance:

, DL8 4DW
Ladybridge near Thornborough Henges
Distance:

, DL8 2RJ
Lancashire
Distance:

, LA1 1EX
Little Meg Stone Circle
Distance:

, CA10 1NP
Live Moor Hill Fort
Distance:

, DL6 3EA
Liverpool Street Roman Road, Manchester
Distance:

, M3 4JP
Long Meg and her Daughters standing stone and stone circle
Distance:

, CA10 1NW
Maiden Castle Fort Pooley Bridge
Distance:

, CA11 0LL
Maiden Castle Fort Reeth
Distance:

, DL11 6JD
Maidens Grave – Burton Fleming, North Yorkshire
Distance:

, YO25 3NZ
Malham Roman Camp, North Yorkshire
Distance:

, BD24 9PU
Malham Roman Marching Camp
Distance:

, BD23 4DB
Mam Tor Hill Fort, Castleton, Derbyshire
Distance:

, S33 8WA
Mamucium Roman Fort, Manchester
Distance:

, M3 1WU
Marne Barracks Neolithic palisaded enclosure
Distance:

, DL10 7NF
Marrick Priory
Distance:

, DL11 7LD
Mayburgh Henge
Distance:

, CA10 2BY
Mickley Riverworks
Distance:

, HG4 3JE
Middleham Castle
Distance:

, DL8 4QG
Millbarrow long barrow (Winterbourne Monkton)
Distance:

, SN4 9ET
Mitchell Laithes Farm Ring Cairn and burial complex, Ossett, West Yorkshire
Distance:

, WF5 8NE
Montlleó, Cerdanya, Pyrenees – Lithics Study
Distance:

, 25271 Montlleó
Morpeth Clock Tower
Distance:

, NE61 1LT
Mote of Mark Hill Fort
Distance:

, DG5 4QF
Motte and Bailey – Northallerton
Distance:

, DL7 0LQ
Moulton Henge
Distance:

, DL10 6QF
Mound in field of Bridge Barn, Nathwaite Bridge
Distance:

, DL8 4RY
Nathwaite Bridge – Coverdale
Distance:

, DL8 4RY
Near Moor
Distance:

, DL6 3JG
Newsham House, Newsham, Richmond
Distance:

, DL11 7QS
Newton Kyme Henge
Distance:

, LS24 8EP
Norham Fort
Distance:

, TD15 2JY
North Derbyshire
Distance:

, S33 8WG
North Yorkshire
Distance:

, DL8 1jt
Northumberland
Distance:

, NE61 2QT
Nunwick Henge
Distance:

, HG4 5EN
Oval Barrow east of Ulshaw Bridge
Distance:

, DL8 4PU
Oxfordshire
Distance:

, SN7 7QJ
Penhill Preceptory – Chapel of the Knights Templar
Distance:

, DL8 4UJ
Perthshire
Distance:

, PH11 8HQ
Pickhill Mound
Distance:

, YO7 4JG
Piercebridge Roman Bridge
Distance:

, DL2 3SW
Piercebridge Roman Fort and Vicus
Distance:

, DL2 3SW
Polly Peachums Tower, Wensleydale
Distance:

, DL8 4TL
Rey Cross Roman Marching Camp
Distance:

, CA17 4AS
Richmond, North Yorkshire
Distance:

, DL10 7AE
Roman Ford – Barnard Castle
Distance:

, DL12 9BB
Roman Rig Defensive Works
Distance:

, S64 0JW
Roulston Scar Hill Fort
Distance:

, YO7 1DA
Round Hill Motte at Carlton-in-Coverdale
Distance:

, DL8 4BB
Rudston Standing Stone
Distance:

, YO25 4UY
Scoles Coppice Fort
Distance:

, S61 2RQ
Scorton Cursus
Distance:

, DL10 6DW
Scotts Dyke – Richmond
Distance:

, DL10 5ND
Sinderby Henge
Distance:

, YO7 4LE
Snape Castle
Distance:

, DL8 2TJ
Somerset
Distance:

, TA11 6PE
South Yorkshire
Distance:

, S10 1GF
South Street Long Barrow, Avebury
Distance:

, SN8 1QU
St Andrew’s Church, Aldborough
Distance:

, YO51 9ER
St Cuthbert’s Church, Forcett
Distance:

, DL11 7SD
St John the Baptist Church, Kirby Wiske
Distance:

, YO7 4ER
St John the Baptist Church, Stanwick
Distance:

, DL11 7RS
St Lamberts Church, Burneston
Distance:

, DL8 2JB
St Martin’s Priory Richmond
Distance:

, DL10 4SJ
St Mary Magdalen the Leper Chapel Ripon
Distance:

, HG4 1HT
St Mary’s Chapel, Snape Castle
Distance:

, DL8 2TJ
St Marys Church Wath
Distance:

, HG4 5EN
St Michael & All Angels, Downholme
Distance:

, DL11 6AE
St Michael and All Angels Church, Hubberholme
Distance:

, BD23 5JE
St Michael’s Church, Kirklington
Distance:

, DL8 2NJ
St Oswald’s Church, Thornton Steward
Distance:

, DL8 5ND
Staffordshire
Distance:

, ST16 1DJ
Stanwick Hill Fort
Distance:

, DL11 7SZ
Staple Howe West Hesterton
Distance:

, YO26 6QG
Studforth Hill Roman Amphitheatre and Motte and Bailey, Aldborough, North Yorkshire
Distance:

, YO51 9ES
Sutton Common Fort
Distance:

, DN6 0AG
Swaledale
Distance:

, DL11 6SZ
Tamworth Castle
Distance:

, B78 3XU
Tap O’Noth Hill Fort
Distance:

, AB54 4HH
Tayside
Distance:

, DD8 3QD
Templeborough Roman Fort – Rotherham
Distance:

, S60 1DX
The Brigantes of Lancashire
Distance:

, WN5 7PB
The Rocket, Pepperpot and Gate Follies and sorrounding earthworks – West Witton
Distance:

, DL8 4UW
The Temple Folly – Wensleydale
Distance:

, DL8 4UL
The Tower Folly, Bolton Hall
Distance:

, DL8 4UF
The Yorkshire Dales
Distance:

, DL8 3AJ
Thornborough Henges
Distance:

, DL8 2QP
Tor Dyke
Distance:

, BD23 5RP
Troutback Roman Camps
Distance:

, LA23 1PW
Uffington White Horse
Distance:

, SN7 7QJ
Vitrified Fort Sites
Distance:

, PH16 5NE
Wellhill, Dunning Early Neolithic Farm – Perthshire
Distance:

, PH2 0QG
Wensleydale
Distance:

, DL8 3EN
West Scrafton – Coverdale
Distance:

, DL8 4RT
West Yorkshire
Distance:

, HD5 8XF
Whitley Castle Roman Fort (Epiacum)
Distance:

, CA9 3BG
Wiltshire
Distance:

, SN2 2EY
Wincobank Hill Fort
Distance:

, S9 1AL
Woden Law Hill Fort
Distance:

, TD8 6NJ
World Heritage
Distance:

, BD23 5QZ

North Yorkshire — Geography, Geology, Pre-history, History & Heritage

Theme	Key points	Highlights
Geography	• Covers c. 8 000 km² from the Pennines' spine eastward to the North Sea.• Two National Parks—Yorkshire Dales (limestone “karst country” dissected by deep dales) and the North York Moors (heather-clad Jurassic upland with dramatic coast).• Lowlands: Vale of York (glacial lacustrine plain) and Vale of Pickering separate the uplands.• Major rivers: Ure, Swale, Ouse, Derwent; all drain to the Humber or directly to the North Sea.	– Highest point: Whernside (736 m).– Iconic coastlines: Whitby Cliffs, Robin Hood’s Bay.– Climate: cool-temperate, wetter on western Pennines, drier east of the Moors.
Geology	• Western Dales: Carboniferous limestones, sandstones and Millstone Grit—classic stepped “Yoredale Series”.• Central lowlands: Permo-Triassic red beds and evaporites; glacial tills mantle the Vales.• North York Moors: tilted Jurassic sequence—Cleveland Ironstone, sandstones (building stone), shales (jet).• Flamborough Head: only onshore Cretaceous Chalk in northern England.• Quaternary: drumlins, eskers and the terminal moraines of the Vale of Pickering.	– Mineral wealth: ironstone (Rosedale), alum shales (16-18 c.), Jurassic jet (Whitby).– Classic limestone cave systems (Ingleborough region).
Pre-history	• Mesolithic: lakeside settlement at Star Carr (9 300 BC).• Neolithic: henge monuments of Thornborough; Rudston megalith on the Wolds.• Early Bronze Age: dense round-barrow cemeteries on the North York Moors and Dales heights.• Late Bronze / Iron Age: “Arras culture” square-barrow cemeteries and chariot burials (East Riding); hillforts (Ingleborough, Malham Tarn).• Tribal zone of the Brigantes.	– Gold Rillington “Wold burial” finds.– Stanwick oppidum, one of Britain’s largest Iron-Age enclosures.
History	Roman: Fortified routes (Dere Street, Wade’s Causeway); legionary HQ at Eboracum (York); auxiliary forts at Catterick, Malton. Anglo-Saxon: Kingdom of Northumbria; synod of Whitby (664). Viking: Jorvik (York) Scandinavian hub; Norse place-names blanket the Dales. Norman-Medieval: Castles (Helmsley, Pickering), monastic boom—Rievaulx, Fountains, Jervaulx. Tudor–Georgian: Dissolution reshapes estates; coastal alum and jet industries. Industrial era: Cleveland iron-stone, Whitby whaling, rise of seaside resorts (Scarborough, Filey), North York Moors Railway (1836+).	– York twice imperial Roman capital (Septimius Severus, Constantine I proclaimed 306).– 1132–1539: Cistercian powerhouses (Rievaulx, Fountains) transform sheep-pasture economy.
Heritage today	• UNESCO: Fountains Abbey & Studley Royal World Heritage Site.• York Minster, medieval walls, Viking Jorvik Centre.• Whitby Abbey (English Gothic silhouette inspiring Bram Stoker).• Captain Cook’s birthplace (Marton) & Whitby HM Bark Endeavour story.• North York Moors & Yorkshire Dales National Parks—hiking, caving, heritage railways.• Cleveland Way & Pennine Way long-distance trails.• Agricultural traditions: Wensleydale cheese, Dales drystone walls, sheepfolds.• Rich folklore: barghest black dog of Whitby, Pennine lead-mining “knockers,” the giant Wade legends.	– Annual Viking Festival (York).– Beamish-style open-air museums: Ryedale Folk Museum.– Dark-sky reserves in the Moors promote astro-tourism.

Why it matters for Brigantian & Ice-Age studies

North Yorkshire knit together contrasting terrains—Pennine limestone uplands, glacial lowland corridors and Jurassic coastal plateaux—that became natural migration funnels and resource frontiers from the Late Glacial through Roman and onto modern times. Its deep cave sequences (Victoria Cave, Vicar’s Moor), well-dated barrow cemeteries, and dense Roman-to-medieval documentary record make it a key calibration area for tracing how climate, geology and culture intersect in northern Britain.