This page is the “collection centre” for our research into vitrified forts, covering the area largely known as the British Isles.
Category: Hill Fort
Sep 27
The Vitrified Forts of the British Isles and Europe
- Filed under Bronze Age, Hill Fort, Iron Age, Reports, Vitrified Fort
Articles
- Bronze Age
- Iron Age
- Roman
- Dark Ages
- Early Christian
- Viking
- Saxon
- Medieval
- Vitrified Fort
- Archaeology Guide
- Guide – Introduction to Critical Thinking in Archaeological Research
- Guide – Challenging Assumptions with Free Thinking
- Guide – Congruence in Archaeological Interpretation: Holistic Analysis
- Guide – Critical Thinking: Lack of Evidence Does Not Mean Evidence of Lack
- Guide – Critical Thinking: The Simple Assumption
- Guide – Applying critical thinking to historic and archaeological research
- Guide – Empathic Archaeology Introduction
- Guide – Landscape Archaeology Introduction
- Guide – What is Landscape Archaeology?
- Guide – Introduction to Glacial Archaeology
- Guide – The Flora and Fauna of Prehistoric Britain
- Guide – Landscape Archaeology: Post-Ice Age Landscape of Thornborough
- Guide – Archaeological Periods in Western Europe
- Guide – Visible Remains
- Guide – Hidden Remains
- Guide – Getting Started
- Guide – Landscape Features
- Guide – Agricultural practices through time
- Guide – Introduction to Glacial Archaeology
- Guide: In Depth – Church Doors and Windows
- Guide – Mining
- Guide – Archaeological Terms
- Guide – Glossary
- Latin Translation – Choosing the meaning of AUG
- Reports
- An introduction to Brigantian Druidry
- Brigantia during the Dark Ages
- Celtic Heads
- Finding Bardon – An Arthurian Quest
- Early Christian syncretism and how the old ones hid amongst the new religion
- Rome: The Emperors Claim to Divinity
- Syncretism through the ages
- The Border Reivers
- The Gallus Frontier – Brigantia against the Romans
- The growth of Christianity 50AD – 1100AD
- The Kingdom of Venutius
- The use of the word Lady in relation to water related structures
- The walled gardens of Brigantia
- Yorkshire’s “Sacred Vale” – The Dawn of Brigantia
- Brigantia Espania
- Iberian Peninsular
- Galicia
- Biefing – The Myth of Breogán and the Tower of Heracles
- Briefing – Galicia’s Political History and Separatist Sentiment
- Briefing – Geography and Geology of Galicia
- Briefing – Design of Galician Hillforts
- Briefing – Roman Interaction with Galicia and the Iberian Peninsula
- Church of Santa María de Cambre, Cambre near A Coruña
Categories
- Agriculture (6)
- Field Systems (1)
- ploughing (2)
- Angle (2)
- Archaeological Periods (312)
- Anglo-saxon (6)
- Bronze Age (52)
- Late Bronze Age (1)
- Dark Ages (24)
- Dark Ages Brigantia (9)
- Early Christian (37)
- Early Medieval (8)
- Georgian (9)
- Gothic (3)
- Ice Age (1)
- Iron Age (133)
- Late Iron Age (5)
- Jacobite (7)
- Medieval (61)
- Medieval Brigantia (9)
- Mesolithic (11)
- Neolithic (45)
- Early Neolithic (5)
- Norman (40)
- Palaeolithic (6)
- Roman (94)
- Saxon (9)
- Stuart (6)
- Suspect (1)
- Tudor (10)
- Undated (7)
- Viking (4)
- Archaeology (93)
- Archaeobotanical (1)
- Empathic Archaeology (11)
- Free Thinking (7)
- Battle (1)
- Brigantia (147)
- Brigantia England (134)
- Brigantia Espania (11)
- Civil Structure (6)
- Defensive Structures (45)
- Castle (5)
- Defensive Dike (2)
- Defensive Walls (1)
- Fort (20)
- Fortified Barn (1)
- Marching Camp (5)
- Motte and Bailey (6)
- Ring Work (1)
- Class A (1)
- Dialects (1)
- Earthworks (51)
- Dike (8)
- Field Systems (26)
- Enclosure (12)
- Enclosure Acts (1)
- Europe (51)
- Festivals (2)
- Finds (42)
- Altar (10)
- Amphora (1)
- Animal Remains (4)
- Auroch (1)
- Hoof marks (1)
- Antler Pick (2)
- Arrowhead (1)
- Leaf-shaped (1)
- Axe (1)
- Bone Comb (1)
- Celtic Head (8)
- Celtic Head (2)
- Clock (1)
- Curse Tablet (1)
- Flint Scatters (4)
- Gaming Pieces (1)
- Hair Braid – Ring (4)
- Human Remains (2)
- Adult (1)
- Couched Burial (1)
- Juvinile (1)
- Mace Head (1)
- S-curved (1)
- Mosaic (1)
- Polished Stone Adze (1)
- Pottery (8)
- Funerary Urns (2)
- Grooved ware (1)
- Peterborough ware (1)
- Mortlake ware (1)
- Planig‑Friedberg ware (1)
- Samian ware (2)
- Vasi a Bocca Quadrata ware (1)
- Quern Stones (1)
- Statue (1)
- Geography (16)
- Maps (7)
- Geology (13)
- Anthracite – Coal (2)
- Geomorphology (2)
- Gods (9)
- Guide (72)
- Critical Thinking (8)
- Socratic Thought (1)
- Glossary (1)
- Hidden Remains (8)
- Geophysics (5)
- LiDAR (1)
- Radiocarbon Dating (1)
- Remote Sensing and Analysis (1)
- Regional Surveys (13)
- Research Tools (4)
- Visible Remains (12)
- Air Mapping (2)
- Air Photography (2)
- Fieldwalking (2)
- Lithics (1)
- Photography (6)
- Critical Thinking (8)
- Henge (18)
- Hill Fort (61)
- Castro Hillfort (3)
- Contour/Plateau Fort (1)
- Multivallete Hillfort (1)
- Oppidum (1)
- Oppidum (1)
- Promontory fort (4)
- Slavic Gord (1)
- Univallet Hillfort (4)
- Vitrified Fort (27)
- Historic Buildings (20)
- Amphitheatre (1)
- Barn (2)
- Beacon (1)
- Broch (1)
- Coaching Inn/Hostelry (1)
- Folly (4)
- Hall (2)
- Hospital (1)
- House (1)
- Tower (7)
- Walled Garden (1)
- Industrial Heritage (9)
- Chimney (1)
- Mining (9)
- Spoil Heap (1)
- Smelting (2)
- Iron-Age (1)
- Landscape Archaeology (38)
- Glacial Archaeology (2)
- Landscape Legislation (1)
- Mining Landscape (1)
- Ritual Landscape (6)
- Landscape feature (49)
- Barrow (18)
- Bell Barrow (2)
- Bowl Barrow (1)
- Cairn (2)
- Disc Barrow (1)
- Long Barrow (5)
- Ring Barrow (1)
- Ring Cairn (1)
- Round Barrow (1)
- Square Barrow (1)
- Steppe Kurgan (1)
- Boundary Marker (2)
- Burial Mound (9)
- Ceremonial Mount (1)
- Cursus (2)
- Hill Figure (5)
- Linear Earthworks (2)
- Mound (6)
- Passage Tomb (1)
- Ring Cairn (2)
- Snake Mound (1)
- Terraces (3)
- Barrow (18)
- Leaders (33)
- Agricola (2)
- Arthur (1)
- Augustus Caesar (2)
- Breogans (3)
- Caratacus (1)
- Cnut (1)
- Julius Caesar (1)
- Petilius Cerialis (1)
- Liminal Spaces (1)
- Market (1)
- Megalithic (10)
- Rock Art (3)
- Stone alignment (1)
- Stone Circle (7)
- stone circles (1)
- Stone Row (2)
- Myth and Legend (5)
- New Sites (23)
- Publications (21)
- Biographies (2)
- Henge Capital of Britain (10)
- News (4)
- Stories of Brigantia (4)
- Walking Guides (1)
- Rabbit Warren (1)
- Religious Structures (31)
- Abbey (3)
- Church (24)
- Crosses (1)
- Memorial Planting (1)
- Priory (2)
- Religious Orders (3)
- Ritual walkway/pilrimage path (1)
- Reports (148)
- Roman Culture (11)
- Roman army (8)
- Roman baths (1)
- Roman City (1)
- Roman Gods (1)
- Mercury (1)
- Roman navy (1)
- Roman pottery (3)
- Samian ware (2)
- Roman Road (1)
- Roman Roads (2)
- Roman Villa (2)
- The Celtic World (35)
- Celtic Gods (1)
- Lugh (1)
- Celtic Industry (1)
- Celtic Life (9)
- Celtic Trade (1)
- Celtic Tribes (27)
- Celtic Gods (1)
- Trade (4)
- Minting (3)
- Coins (1)
- Spoil Heaps (2)
- Minting (3)
- Translation (7)
- Inscription (4)
- Latin (5)
- Uncategorized (24)
- Water Works (13)
Research Links
NLS Map Explorer
Google Earth
Google Maps
Lidar Finder
TMA
Megalithic Portal
Yorkshire Arch. Air Mapping
ADS
Brigantian Adventure FB Group
Stone Bothering FB Group
Stone Faces FB Group
Heritage Gateway
ARCHI® MAPS: UK
Atlas of Hillforts
Portable Antiquities
British History Online
Brigantes Nation FB Group
Announcing: The Brigantian News!
- Roman Road to the West uncovered under Manchester Street 16 July 2025
- What might Stonehenge Mean? Dartmoor and Carnac add to the Picture 3 July 2025
- Megalithic Stone Monuments in France May Be Europe’s Oldest 1 July 2025
- Drumanagh Promontory Fort – First Ever Intact Roman Pot Found in Ireland 5 June 2025
Portable Antiquities News
Post-medieval copper alloy button with a solid bi-convex head and a distorted integral non-drilled loop. Weight 3.01g. Length c.11.5mm. Diameter 10.5mm. 16th century.Finder's no. F12 [...]
Post-medieval copper alloy button with a solid plano-convex head and a distorted integral non-drilled loop. Weight 1.32g. Length c.10.5mm. Diameter 8.9mm. 16th century.Finder's no. F6 [...]
Medieval copper alloy cruciform four-way strap distributor, cf. NMS-A43F80. That one of the strap attachments was of iron is indicated by ferrous material adhering to the restriction in one arm. Such small objects, both cross-shaped [...]
An incomplete Post Medieval cast copper alloy stud or mount dating c. 1500-1700.The stud head is a pointed oval in plan and is slightly domed with a hollow reverse. The plain undecorated surface of the stud [...]
A group of five copper alloy fragments of cooking vessels dating to the medieval to post medieval (c.AD 1200-1700), all found in the same field. Ref. Number Length (mm) Width (mm) Thickness (mm) Weight (grams) Comments 5194 [...]
An incomplete Roman copper-alloy plate brooch, dating to c.AD 200 - 350. The brooch is oval in plan, the rear of the brooch has retained a catchplate and supporting lugs for the now missing pin. [...]
A complete lead alloyt seal matrix of Medieval date (c. AD 1250-1300).The matrix is flat and pointed-oval or vesica-shaped. On the reverse is a central rib with a perforated lug at the top of the seal. The central [...]
An incomplete copper alloy Colchester-derivative, a Polden Hill type brooch of Roman date (AD 80 -120).Around 50% of the brooch is present. The foot of the brooch, spring, catch plate and pin are missing.At the rear [...]
A group of three copper alloy fragments of cooking vessels dating to the medieval to post medieval (c.AD 1200-1700), all found in the same field. WA Number Length (mm) Width (mm) Thickness (mm) Weight (grams) Comments 5241 [...]
A collection of eleven lead alloy shot dating to the post medieval period (c.AD 1500-1850), all found in the same field. Ref. Number Diameter (mm) Weight (grams) Comments 5374 10.2 6.4 Visible sprue (clipped). Seam [...]
A collection of six lead alloy shot dating to the post medieval period (c.AD 1500-1850), all found in the same field. Ref. Number Diameter (mm) Weight (grams) Comments 5427 12.4 9.8 Pronounced flat 5428 10.2 6.0 [...]
A collection of seven lead alloy shot dating to the post medieval period (c.AD 1500-1850), all found in the same field. Ref Number Diameter (mm) Weight (grams) Comments 5495 9.9 5.5 Cream coloured. Visible sprue [...]
A collection of three pointed lead alloy shot dating to the modern period (c.AD 1800-1900), all found in the same field. Ref. Number Length Diameter Weight Comments 5425 17.1 12.2 11.1 Dark coloured 5430 17.1 12.2 [...]
A Medieval cast copper alloy double looped sub oval buckle with a separate strap and pin bar. The rear edge of the frame / pin bar has a moulded ridged across and the frame edge [...]
A Medieval trapezoidal copper alloy buckle frame with a sheet roller on the narrowed and recessed front edge. The frame has a narrowed and recessed bar and a rectangular cross sectional profile with convex sides. [...]
A corroded Roman copper alloy nummus of Gratian, dating to the period AD 367 - 375 (Reece Period 19). [GLORIA NOVI SAECVLI] reverse type depicting the emperor standing holding standard and shield. Mint of Arelatum / Arles. [...]
A corroded Roman copper alloy nummus of the House of Constantine dating to AD 335-341 (Reece period 17). [GLORIA EXERCITVS] reverse type depicting two soldiers with a standard between. Uncertain mint. [...]
A Roman copper-alloy "barbarous" radiate imitating an issue of Claudius II (AD 268-270) and dating to the period AD 275-285 (Reece period 14). [SPES PVBLICA] reverse prototype depicting Spes walking left holding flower and raising skirt. Uncertain mint. [...]
An incomplete cast copper alloy Roman knee brooch (c. AD150-250), cf. Mackreth (2011) KNEE Br 1.b2, Plate 130, number 7513. The head is semi-circular or fan shaped with a toothed or radiate margin and has a [...]
A Medieval silver penny of Edward III (AD 1327-1377), fourth coinage, pre-treaty period, Series E, dating to circa AD 1354-1355. Unclear mint. [...]
Recent Articles and Site Pages
- The Story of Boltby Scar
- Swaledale
- Guide: Parliamentary-walls and the Northern Enclosures
- County Durham
- The hero archetype and Lugh
- Head One – St Michaels Church, Kirklington
- Long Meg and her Daughters standing stone and stone circle
- Cana Barn Henge
- Anciens Arsenaux Neolithic Settlement, Sion – Switzerland
- Gnaeus Julius Agricola
- Snake Iconography in the British Isles
- Wiltshire
- Liverpool Street Roman Road, Manchester
- South Street Long Barrow, Avebury
- Mamucium Roman Fort, Manchester
Locations
- Czechia (1)
- England (198)
- Bedfordshire (1)
- Cumbria (13)
- Dorset (2)
- Durham (9)
- East Yorkshire (1)
- Lancashire (7)
- North Derbyshire (8)
- North Yorkshire (118)
- Yorkshire Dales (4)
- Yorkshire Moors (1)
- Northumberland (9)
- Oxfordshire (2)
- Somerset (2)
- South Yorkshire (10)
- Staffordshire (3)
- West Yorkshire (7)
- Wiltshire (4)
- Europe (8)
- France (3)
- Germany (2)
- Global (3)
- Ireland (4)
- County Dublin (1)
- Scotland (21)
- Dumphries and Galloway (3)
- Grampian (4)
- Highlands (8)
- Perthshire (4)
- Tayside (3)
- Spain (4)
- Switzerland (1)
- Wales (4)
Tag Cloud
Age (14)
altar (11)
Archaeology (37)
Archaeology Guide (12)
barrow (12)
Brigantes (29)
Brigantia (77)
britain (29)
Bronze Age (42)
Cartimandua (10)
celt (9)
celtic (22)
Christian (17)
Church (15)
Coverdale (17)
Cumbria (13)
Earthworks (18)
England (12)
Fort (21)
France (9)
Galicia (10)
goddess (9)
guide (30)
Henge (20)
Hill Fort (34)
history (11)
ireland (14)
iron (14)
Iron Age (80)
Medieval (33)
Mesolithic (9)
Mound (9)
Neolithic (34)
Norman (32)
North Yorkshire (63)
Roman (84)
scotland (20)
Spain (9)
Thornborough Henges (10)
Venutius (9)
vitrified (9)
Vitrified Forts (9)
Wensleydale (11)
Yorkshire (20)
Yorkshire Dales (22)
