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Acoustic emission (AE) is the phenomenon where transient elastic waves are generated within a material due to sudden changes in its internal structure, like crack formation or plastic deformation, under stress. These waves propagate to the surface and are detected by sensors, providing information about the material’s behaviour and potential defects. Essentially, AE is a “listening” technique that detects energy released by a material under stress, rather than supplying energy to it like other non-destructive testing methods.
