Venutius
Articles
- Bronze Age
- Iron Age
- Roman
- Dark Ages
- Early Christian
- Viking
- Saxon
- Medieval
- Vitrified Fort
- Archaeology Guide
- Guide – Introduction to Critical Thinking in Archaeological Research
- Guide – Challenging Assumptions with Free Thinking
- Guide – Congruence in Archaeological Interpretation: Holistic Analysis
- Guide – Critical Thinking: Lack of Evidence Does Not Mean Evidence of Lack
- Guide – Critical Thinking: The Simple Assumption
- Guide – Applying critical thinking to historic and archaeological research
- Guide – Empathic Archaeology Introduction
- Guide – Landscape Archaeology Introduction
- Guide – What is Landscape Archaeology?
- Guide – Introduction to Glacial Archaeology
- Guide – The Flora and Fauna of Prehistoric Britain
- Guide – Landscape Archaeology: Post-Ice Age Landscape of Thornborough
- Guide – Archaeological Periods in Western Europe
- Guide – Visible Remains
- Guide – Hidden Remains
- Guide – Getting Started
- Guide – Landscape Features
- Guide – Agricultural practices through time
- Guide – Introduction to Glacial Archaeology
- Guide: In Depth – Church Doors and Windows
- Guide – Mining
- Guide – Archaeological Terms
- Guide – Glossary
- Latin Translation – Choosing the meaning of AUG
- Reports
- An introduction to Brigantian Druidry
- Brigantia during the Dark Ages
- Celtic Heads
- Finding Bardon – An Arthurian Quest
- Early Christian syncretism and how the old ones hid amongst the new religion
- Rome: The Emperors Claim to Divinity
- Syncretism through the ages
- The Border Reivers
- The Gallus Frontier – Brigantia against the Romans
- The growth of Christianity 50AD – 1100AD
- The Kingdom of Venutius
- The use of the word Lady in relation to water related structures
- The walled gardens of Brigantia
- Yorkshire’s “Sacred Vale” – The Dawn of Brigantia
- Brigantia Espania
- Iberian Peninsular
- Galicia
- Biefing – The Myth of Breogán and the Tower of Heracles
- Briefing – Galicia’s Political History and Separatist Sentiment
- Briefing – Geography and Geology of Galicia
- Briefing – Design of Galician Hillforts
- Briefing – Roman Interaction with Galicia and the Iberian Peninsula
- Church of Santa María de Cambre, Cambre near A Coruña
Research Links
Heritage Gateway
Announcing: The Brigantian News!
- Roman Road to the West uncovered under Manchester Street 16 July 2025
- What might Stonehenge Mean? Dartmoor and Carnac add to the Picture 3 July 2025
- Megalithic Stone Monuments in France May Be Europe’s Oldest 1 July 2025
- Drumanagh Promontory Fort – First Ever Intact Roman Pot Found in Ireland 5 June 2025
Portable Antiquities News
An incomplete Medieval to Post Medieval bone or ivory parchment-pricker dating to the 13th-16th century. The shaft has a circular cross-section and tapers towards the tip, it is broken approximately half way along its length. At [...]
A Post Medieval lead alloy cloth seal dating from the 16th – 17th century. This is a two part cloth seal with both faces having similar imagery. One side has three letters 'C L C' [...]
A Late Medieval copper-alloy eyed book clasp / composite 'double rectangular' book fitting of Howsam's type A.7 dating to c.1350-1450.Comprising of two rectangular plates joined together with four separate securing rivets, one at each corner, with all [...]
A worn late medieval silver halfgroat of Henry VII (1485 - 1509), Class IIIc dating to c.AD 1490 - 1500. Tun initial mark to obverse, tun or pansy to reverse. Mint of Canterbury, struck jointly [...]
An incomplete Irish silver Shilling of James I (AD 1603-1626). Second coinage. Crowned harp reverse. Dublin mint. AD 1604-1607.Diameter: 25.95mm, Thickness: 0.72mm, Weight: 3.31gThe coin is missing portions of its outer flan due to clipping, and [...]
A complete silver Groat of Edward III (AD 1327-1377). Fourth coinage, Pre-Treaty series C/D/E. Fourth coinage, Pre-Treaty Period, Series C. Long cross reverse, dividing double legend, with three pellets in each quadrant. As London mint. AD [...]
An incomplete silver Penny of Elizabeth I (AD 1558-1603). Third coinage. Long cross fourchée reverse over squared reverse shield. One initial mark. London mint. AD 1601-1602.Diameter: 14.01mm, Thickness: 0.54mm, Weight: 0.61gThe coin is missing minor portions its [...]
A complete silver denarius of Trajan (AD 98-117) dating to AD 98-99 (Reece Period 5). PM TRP COS III PP reverse type, depicting Victory seated left with palm and patera. Mint of Rome.Diameter: 19.77mm, Weight: 2.86g RIC Vol. II, p. 245, [...]
A complete silver Groat of Edward III (AD 1327-1377). Fourth, pre-Treaty coinage, series E. Long cross reverse with three pellets in each quadrant, legend in two fields. London mint. AD 1354-1355. Diameter: 27.09mm, Thickness: 1.03mm, [...]
A complete silver Ring of Post-Medieval to Modern date (AD 1650-1950). Small ring composed of plaited silver wire. The object is constructed of multiple strand silver plaited wire, which is circular in section, in groups of nine, [...]
An incomplete Swivel Fob Seal of Post-Medieval date (AD 1700-1800). The object is composed of a rectangular section ovate swivelling seal face which is detached from the handle but retained. The Axis bar is broken [...]
An incomplete silver cut Halfpenny of Henry II (AD 1154-1189). Cross-and-Crosslets type. Bust C. Unclear moneyer and mint. AD 1161-1165.Diameter: 20.75mm, Thickness: 0.81mm, Weight: 1.44gThe coin is missing minor portions of its outer flan.North Vol [...]
An incomplete silver Halfgroat of James I (1603-1625). Second coinage. Small crowned thistle reverse. Escallop initial mark. London mint. AD 1606-1607.Diameter: 15.89mm, Thickness: 0.42mm, Weight: 0.77gThe coin is missing minor portions of its outer flan.North Vol II, [...]
An incomplete copper alloy Brooch of Roman date (AD 43-360). The object is a Colchester derivative, Harlow type brooch with a spring mechanism. The head is composed of hollow and semi-circular wings. From the back of the head [...]
A Roman copper alloy radiate or nummus dating to AD 260-402.. Unclear reverse type. Unclear mint. [...]
A Post Medieval copper-alloy Rose farthing of Charles I (1625-1649) dating to AD1636-1644. Not further defined. [...]
A Roman copper alloy nummus dating to AD 300-400. Unclear reverse type. Unclear mint. [...]
A copper alloy Roman radiate of Claudius II (AD268-270) dating to AD270-271 (Reece period13). CONSECRATIO reverse type depicting an eagle. Unclear mint. [...]
An incomplete copper alloy Roman nummus of an unclear ruler dating to AD300-400. Unclear reverse type. Unclear mint. [...]
A Roman copper alloy nummus of the House of Constantine (307-361) dating to AD 318-324 (Reece period 16). VICTORIAE LAETAE PRINC PERP reverse type depicting two victories holding a wreath or shield over an altar. [...]
Recent Articles and Site Pages
- The Story of Boltby Scar
- Swaledale
- Guide: Parliamentary-walls and the Northern Enclosures
- County Durham
- The hero archetype and Lugh
- Head One – St Michaels Church, Kirklington
- Long Meg and her Daughters standing stone and stone circle
- Cana Barn Henge
- Anciens Arsenaux Neolithic Settlement, Sion – Switzerland
- Gnaeus Julius Agricola
- Snake Iconography in the British Isles
- Wiltshire
- Liverpool Street Roman Road, Manchester
- South Street Long Barrow, Avebury
- Mamucium Roman Fort, Manchester

